Regulating Photochromic Properties of Naphthalenediimide-Based Coordination Polymers through Isomerization Strategy of Electron Donors

doi:10.6023/A25110378

Acta Chimica Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 84 ›› Issue (3): 364-369.DOI: 10.6023/A25110378 Previous Articles Next Articles

Article

电子给体的同分异构策略调控萘二酰亚胺基配位聚合物的光致变色性能

秦晋^a, 张士民^c, 郝朋飞^b^,^*(), 申秋^b, 朱慧慧^b, 沈俊菊^b, 付云龙^b^,^*()

^a 山西师范大学材料科学与工程学院太原 030031
^b 山西师范大学化学与化工学院太原 030031
^c 运城学院应用化学系运城 044000

投稿日期:2025-11-19 发布日期:2026-01-19
基金资助:
项目受山西省科技厅(20210302123324); 项目受山西省科技厅(201901D111275); 运城学院应用研究项目(YY-202510); 运城学院博士科研启动项目(YXBQ-202519); 山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2025L111); 优秀博士来晋专项经费(LJZX-2-202509)

Regulating Photochromic Properties of Naphthalenediimide-Based Coordination Polymers through Isomerization Strategy of Electron Donors

Qin Jin^a, Zhang Shimin^c, Hao Pengfei^b^,^*(), Shen Qiu^b, Zhu Huihui^b, Shen Junju^b, Fu Yunlong^b^,^*()

^a School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China
^b School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China
^c Department of Applied Chemistry, Yuncheng University, Yuncheng 044000, China

Received:2025-11-19 Published:2026-01-19
Contact: *E-mail: haopengfei_2015@126.com; yunlongfu@sxnu.edu.cn
Supported by:
Natural Science Foundation of Science and Technology Agency of Shanxi Province(20210302123324); Natural Science Foundation of Science and Technology Agency of Shanxi Province(201901D111275); Applied Research Project of Yuncheng University(YY-202510); Doctoral Research Start-up Project of Yuncheng University(YXBQ-202519); Scientific and Technologial Innovation Programs of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi(2025L111); “LJ” Special Funds of Distinguished Doctorates(LJZX-2-202509)

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Abstract

The interfacial relationship between electron donors (ED) and acceptors (EA) is a key factor for determining the photochromic performance of photochromic coordination polymers (PCCPs). However, the regulation of the interfacial relationship is still in its infancy and continues to be a severe challenge. In this work, two PCCPs, [Zn(3-DPNDI)(o-BDC)] (1) and [Zn(3-DPNDI)_0.5(m-BDC)(H₂O)]•2H₂O (2), have been successfully obtained through the assembly of N,N-di-(3- pyridyl)-1,4,5,8-naphthalenedicarboximide (3-DPNDI) and zinc nitrate (Zn(NO₃)₂) with two isomers of terephthalic acids [o-phthalic acid (o-BDC) and m-phthalic acid (m-BDC)]. Compounds 1 and 2 have been characterized in detail by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetry (TG), ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) absorption spectroscopy, and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). Upon ultraviolet light (365 nm) irradiation, 1 and 2 exhibited different color change (from light brown to dark brown for 1 vs. from light brown to tan for 2) and photochromic response rates (color change time, 1 s for 1 vs. 1 s for 2; saturated time, 90 min for 1 vs. 30 min for 2). Although both 1 and 2 have the same color change time (1 s), the change of absorbance Δ_Abs of 2 (0.07) is much larger than that of 1 (0.02), indicating that 2 has a faster photoresponse rate. Meanwhile, this result was further confirmed by the kinetic curves (1: 0.0078 s^－1 and 2: 0.0110 s^－1). The significantly different photochromic properties of the CPs are mainly attributed to the introduction of isomeric electron donors, which gives rise to different weak interactions be-tween ED and EA, viz. intermolecular electron transfer (ET) channels, demonstrating the subtle modulation effect of isomeric electron donors on the interfacial relationship of ED-EA and photochromic properties. This paper proposes a strategy for modulating the photochromic performance of CPs by introducing isomeric electron donors, which lays a solid foundation for the construction of controllable photoresponsive functional materials.

Key words: electron donor and acceptor, isomerization, naphthalenediimide, photochromic property

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Qin Jin, Zhang Shimin, Hao Pengfei, Shen Qiu, Zhu Huihui, Shen Junju, Fu Yunlong. Regulating Photochromic Properties of Naphthalenediimide-Based Coordination Polymers through Isomerization Strategy of Electron Donors[J]. Acta Chimica Sinica, 2026, 84(3): 364-369.

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Fig. & Tab. 6

Figure 1. Isomeride (o-BDC and m-BDC)

Figure 2. Single-crystal structure of 1: (a) asymmetric unit, (b) 2D layer with grid-shaped channels, (c) 3D supramolecular network, (d) 4-c single-node sql topology

Figure 3. Single-crystal structure of 2: (a) asymmetric unit, (b) 1D carboxylic acid-metal chain and 1D ladder-shaped chain, (c) 2D supramolecular layer, (d) 3D supramolecular network

Figure 4. Ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra and photochromic behavior of (a) 1 and (b) 2, and EPR spectra of (c) 1 and (d) 2, before and after color change

Figure 5. Kinetics curve of (a) 1 (based on 487 nm) and (b) 2 (based on 492 nm)

Figure 6. Electron transfer channels of (a) 1 and (b) 2

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电子给体的同分异构策略调控萘二酰亚胺基配位聚合物的光致变色性能

Regulating Photochromic Properties of Naphthalenediimide-Based Coordination Polymers through Isomerization Strategy of Electron Donors

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