The main saponins, anemosides B4(I) and A3(II), were isolated from Bai-Tou-Weng (Pulsatilla chinensis ReGel or Anemone chinensis BunGel). I was identified as 3(S), 23-dihydroxy-lup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid 3-O-[a-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1?)-a-L-arabinopyranosyl]-28-O[a-L-rhamn opyranosyl(1?)-b-D-glucopyranosyl(1?)]-b-D-glucopyranoside. II was identical with the partially hydrolyzed product of I, namely, 3(S), 23-dihydroxy-lup-20(29)en-28-oic acid 3-O-[a-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1?)-a-L-arabinopyranoside.

Key words: SAPONINS, MOLECULAR STRUCTURE, PYRANOSE, GLUCOSE, CHINESE PHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY, RHAMNOSE, ARABINOSE, CHEMICAL DEGRADATION, PULSATILLA CHINENSIS, SPECTROMETRIC ANALYSIS