Acta Chimica Sinica ›› 2019, Vol. 77 ›› Issue (11): 1089-1098.DOI: 10.6023/A19080296 Previous Articles     Next Articles

Review

胞嘧啶脱氨基化酶APOBEC3家族及其与核酸复合物结构研究进展

金交羽ab, 严小璇b, 刘亚平b, 蓝文贤b, 王春喜b, 许斌a*(), 曹春阳b*()   

  1. a 上海大学 理学院化学系 上海 200444
    b 中国科学院上海有机化学研究所 生命有机化学国家重点实验室 上海 200032
  • 投稿日期:2019-08-07 发布日期:2019-08-15
  • 通讯作者: 许斌,曹春阳 E-mail:xubin@t.shu.edu.cn;ccao@mail.sioc.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:金交羽, 女, 上海大学和中科院上海有机所2017级联合培养在读硕士研究生, 主要研究方向为APOBEC3胞嘧啶脱氨基化酶的结构与机理|许斌, 男, 上海大学化学系教授、博导. 2000年获中国科学院上海有机化学研究所理学博士(导师:麻生明院士); 2000~2002年, 在美国国立卫生研究院(NIH)进行博士后研究, 从事基于嘌呤受体的激动剂和拮抗剂的设计与合成(导师: K. A. Jaconson). 2002~2005年, 于美国VivoQuest公司担任高级研究员, 从事抗丙型肝炎药物的设计和合成; 2005年底加入上海大学化学系; 2007年入选上海市“浦江人才”计划.曾获宝钢优秀教师奖、ACP Advanced Research Network Lectureship Award、Asia Core Program Lectureship Award等荣誉.研究方向: (1)惰性化学键可控转化; (2)新型药物分子的设计与合成|曹春阳, 男, 1970年8月出生. 2001年博士毕业于中国科学院上海有机化学研究所, 随后在美国约翰霍普金斯大学医学院做博士后与研究助理, 2005年12月至2006年08月, 转至美国Salk生物研究院结构生物学中心做助理研究员.现任中国科学院上海有机化学研究所“百人计划”研究员, 是上海市“浦江计划”获得者.研究方向:以健康与疾病导向的、以NMR为主要技术手段的化学生物学与结构生物学.内容包括: (1)与癌症或者HIV病毒感染等相关蛋白质与核酸特异性作用机制与功能研究; (2)以与癌症或者HIV病毒感染等相关核酸或蛋白质为靶标, 进行药物分子设计与筛选; (3)基于核磁共振波谱学的蛋白质高效表达新技术新方法研究.
  • 基金资助:
    科技部重点研发(No.2017YFE0108200);中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(B类)(XDB 20000000);国家自然科学基金(No.21778065);国家自然科学基金(No.21807105);国家自然科学基金(No.91753119)

Recent Advances in the Structural Studies on Cytosine Deaminase APOBEC3 Family Members and Their Nucleic Acid Complexes

Jin Jiaoyuab, Yan Xiaoxuanb, Liu Yapingb, Lan Wenxianb, Wang Chunxib, Xu Bina*(), Cao Chunyangb*()   

  1. a College of Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444
    b State Key Lab of Bio-organic and Natural Products Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032
  • Received:2019-08-07 Published:2019-08-15
  • Contact: Xu Bin,Cao Chunyang E-mail:xubin@t.shu.edu.cn;ccao@mail.sioc.ac.cn

Apolipoprotein B mRNA catalytically edited protein APOBEC3 (A3) is a family of proteins in the intracellular retrotransposon defense system, including seven members APOBEC3A (A3A), APOBEC3B (A3B), APOBEC3C (A3C), APOBEC3DE (A3DE), APOBEC3F (A3F), APOBEC3G (A3G) and APOBEC3H (A3H) encoded in a tandem array on human chromosome 22. They deaminate cytosine in single-stranded DNA and RNA substrates, which play a variety of roles in human health and disease. Among them, A3DE, A3F, A3G and A3H restrict replication of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) in strains lacking the virus infectivity factor protein (Vif) by deaminating cytidine in virus cDNA. Subsequent replication of the virus cDNA generates the hallmark G-to-A hyper-mutations, causing proviral inactivation. HIV-1 develops countermeasures to antagonize this intrinsic host defense response. Its Vif protein facilitates polyubiquitination of A3 members by recruiting an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, which results in the proteasomal degradation of A3 proteins. To better understand the deamination mechanism of A3 proteins, we here reviewed the research progress on the structures of free A3 family members and their complexes with single-stranded DNA or double-stranded RNA. It includes the structures of the apo-forms of N- and/or C-termini domains of A3A, A3B, A3C, A3F, A3G and A3H, or the chimeric forms of their functional domains, and their complexes with nucleic acids, which demonstrate the basis of how A3 proteins to identify target base cytosine in hot motifs 5'-TC or 5'-CC in DNA, and then to conduct catalytic deamination. We simply described how the key residues of A3 members are involved in DNA or RNA interactions, the common properties of their structures, and their interactions with DNA or RNA. We partially discussed the interactions between A3 proteins and Vif, therefore, this review might be helpful to rationally design anti-virus drugs to disrupt these interactions. We finally suggested the new research directions about how to make full-length A3 proteins containing N-terminal CD1 and C-terminal CD2 domains, and how to study the interactions between these full-length A3 proteins and nucleic acids through cryo-EM and other techniques.

Key words: APOBEC3, cytidine deamination, HIV virus, nucleic acid, structure