Self-partition Supercapacitor Based on Temperature-induced Phase Transition Copolymer and Conductive Polymer

doi:10.6023/A23020055

Abstract

In order to improve the safety of energy storage devices including supercapacitors and expand their practical application, this work proposes an intelligent yet efficient self-partition strategy for the most common problem of thermal runaway at this stage. Firstly, N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) and acrylamide (AM) are copolymerized by free radical polymerization to obtain a thermally responsive copolymer, which is dissolved in lithium chloride aqueous solution as the electrolyte. Self-partition supercapacitors are obtained by combining this as-prepared electrolyte with conductive polymer electrodes. Benefiting from the temperature-induced phase transition characteristics of thermally responsive electrolyte, the supercapacitors not only have efficient charge-discharge characteristics but also automatically cut off the ion transfer after the thermal runaway of the device with a self-partition efficiency of 88.1%, preventing the further deterioration of the device. In addition, the copolymer will shrink after the phase change caused by thermal runaway, which scatters the light and shows milky white with low transmittance, making it possible to troubleshoot the faulty devices with thermal runaway through color change. Therefore, the intelligent and high-safety supercapacitors prepared in this work will further provide a potential reference for the popularization and application of energy storage devices.

Key words: supercapacitor, self-partition, thermal runaway, thermal response copolymer, troubleshooting

Cite this article

Xian Li, Xiaokun Li. Self-partition Supercapacitor Based on Temperature-induced Phase Transition Copolymer and Conductive Polymer[J]. Acta Chimica Sinica, 2023, 81(5): 511-519.

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Fig. & Tab. 7

Figure 1. (a) Structure diagram of device; the preparation of (b) thermally responsive copolymer and (c) conductive polymer

Figure 2. (a) FTIR curves of the copolymer and conductive polymer; (b) SEM image of PEDOT; SEM images of thermally responsive copolymer at (c) 25 ℃ and (d) 50 ℃

Figure 3. (a) CV curves of conductive polymer electrode; (b) spectrum curves at potentiostatic polarization; (c) constant current charging and discharging curves; (d) AC impedance curve

Figure 4. (a) The constant current charging and discharging curves of the capacitor; (b) rate performance; (c) the curves of ion conductivity changing with temperature; (d) temperature dependent images of thermally responsive copolymer electrolyte

Figure 5. (a) Ion conductivity of several electrolytes varies with temperature; (b) GCD curves of capacitors based on several different electrolytes

Figure 6. (a) Charging and discharging curves of capacitors at different temperatures; (b) capacitance values at different temperatures; (c) Nyquist plots at different temperatures; (d) variation of the transmittance curves

Figure 7. (a) Cycle stability curves of the capacitor; (b) cyclic experiments of heating and cooling for the capacitor

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