Construction and Bifunctional Photo-/Electrochromic Properties of a Pyromellitic diimide-based Coordination Polymer

doi:10.6023/A26030084

Acta Chimica Sinica ›› 2026, Vol. 84 ›› Issue (6): 903-908.DOI: 10.6023/A26030084 Previous Articles Next Articles

Article

苯二酰亚胺基配位聚合物的构筑及双功能光/电致变色性能研究

畅通^a, 郝朋飞^b^,^*(), 张士民^a^,^*(), 郭桂珍^a, 原舒婷^b, 高敏霞^b, 杨海英^a, 沈俊菊^b, 付云龙^b^,^*()

^a 运城学院应用化学系运城 044000
^b 山西师范大学化学与化工学院太原 030031

投稿日期:2026-03-25 发布日期:2026-05-28
基金资助:
山西省科技厅项目(20210302123324); 山西省科技厅项目(201901D111275); 山西省科技厅项目(202303021211188); 运城学院应用研究项目(YY-202510); 运城学院博士科研启动项目(YXBQ-202519); 山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2025L111); 优秀博士来晋专项经费(LJZX-2-202509); 资助和运城市科技局自由探索项目(YCKJ-2023049)

Construction and Bifunctional Photo-/Electrochromic Properties of a Pyromellitic diimide-based Coordination Polymer

Tong Chang^a, Pengfei Hao^b^,^*(), Shimin Zhang^a^,^*(), Guizhen Guo^a, Shuting Yuan^b, Minxia Gao^b, Haiying Yang^a, Junju Shen^b, Yunlong Fu^b^,^*()

^a Department of Applied Chemistry, Yuncheng University, Yuncheng 044000, China
^b School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi Normal University, Taiyuan 030031, China

Received:2026-03-25 Published:2026-05-28
Contact: *E-mail: haopengfei_2015@126.com; zhangsm6511@163.com; yunlongfu@sxnu.edu.cn
Supported by:
Natural Science Foundation of Science and Technology Agency of Shanxi Province(20210302123324); Natural Science Foundation of Science and Technology Agency of Shanxi Province(201901D111275); Natural Science Foundation of Science and Technology Agency of Shanxi Province(202303021211188); Applied Research Project of Yuncheng University(YY-202510); Doctoral Research Start-up Project of Yuncheng University(YXBQ-202519); Scientific and Technological Innovation Programs of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi(2025L111); “LJ” Special Funds of Distinguished Doctorates(LJZX-2-202509); Free exploration projects of Yuncheng Science and Technology Bureau(YCKJ-2023049)

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Abstract

In recent years, bifunctional photo/electrochromic coordination polymers (CPs) have shown significant potential or practical application value in fields such as smart windows, military camouflage, anti-glare rearview mirrors, displays, and smart fabrics. However, due to the limitations of the types of organic electron-deficient acceptors, the targeted design and precise synthesis of such materials continues to be a huge challenge. In this work, a CP with bifunctional photo-/electro- chromic properties, [Mn(CMPMD)(DMF)] (labeled as CMPMD-Mn), was synthesized by solvothermal method using N,N-di-(carboxymethyl)-pyromellitic diimide (H₂CMPMD) as the organic linker and metal Mn²⁺ ion as the metal node. The structure of single-crystal was characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffractometer (SC-XRD), the purity of single-crystals was confirmed by powder X-ray diffractometer (PXRD), the thermal stability of samples was studied by thermogravimetric (TG), and the photochromic properties and mechanisms were discussed by ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy (UV-Vis) and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR). Upon the irradiation of 365 nm ultraviolet lamp, CMPMD-Mn exhibited a obvious color change from light yellow to green, which should be ascribed to electron transfer and the generation of [PMD]^•− radical. Furthermore, the fast photoresponse mainly attributed to the formation of π-π interactions and the large overlap degree between PMD ligands. Interestingly, after heat treatment, the compound still exhibits excellent photochromic properties with almost no degradation in performance, which provides a good prerequisite for practical applications in extreme situations. Meanwhile, when a voltage of －1.5 V is applied, CMPMD-Mn exhibits preliminary electro-chromic behavior (from light yellow to bluish green). The electrochromic behavior and mechanism of the sample were characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and spectroelectrochemistry. This work effectively expands the types of organic electron-deficient acceptors, enriches the family of dual-functional photo/electrochromic materials, and provides new ideas for the structural design and performance optimization of such materials.

Key words: pyromellitic diimide, photochromism, electrochromism, coordination polymers

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Tong Chang, Pengfei Hao, Shimin Zhang, Guizhen Guo, Shuting Yuan, Minxia Gao, Haiying Yang, Junju Shen, Yunlong Fu. Construction and Bifunctional Photo-/Electrochromic Properties of a Pyromellitic diimide-based Coordination Polymer[J]. Acta Chimica Sinica, 2026, 84(6): 903-908.

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Fig. & Tab. 7

Figure 1. Organic ligands of CMPMD with electron-accepting capability

Figure 2. (a) Asymmetric unit of CMPMD-Mn (Insert: the coordination environment of metal ions); (b) coordination mode of CMPMD (μ4-η1:η1:η1:η1); (c) 1D chains; (d) 2D layer extending infinitely along the ac plane; (e) Packing diagram

Figure 3. The color changes of CMPMD-Mn under different light irradiation times (0 s, 1 s, 3 s and 120 s)

Figure 4. (a) Ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum of CMPMD-Mn; (b) EPR spectra of single crystal samples before and after light irradiation; (c) The two-stage first-order kinetic curve of CMPMD-Mn; (d) The changes in absorbance of CMPMD-Zn and CMPMD-Mn before and after light irradiation (near 800 nm)

Figure 5. (a) The PXRD patterns of CMPMD-Mn and CMPMD-Mn-H; (b) The ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum of CMPMD-Mn-H; (c) The two-stage first-order kinetic curve of CMPMD-Mn-H; (d) Comparison chart of kinetic constants between CMPMD-Mn and CMPMD-Mn-H

Figure 6. Electron transfer channel (a) π-π interaction; (b) The degree of overlap between PMD ligands

Figure 7. (a) Cyclic voltammetry curve of CMPMD-Mn film (inner inset: electrochromic behavior of CMPMD-Mn film); (b) Spectroelectrochemistry of CMPMD-Mn thin films

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苯二酰亚胺基配位聚合物的构筑及双功能光/电致变色性能研究

Construction and Bifunctional Photo-/Electrochromic Properties of a Pyromellitic diimide-based Coordination Polymer

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