金属-多孔有机分子笼纳米复合物的研究进展
收稿日期: 2022-07-09
修回日期: 2022-08-17
网络出版日期: 2022-09-02
Research Progress in Metal-Porous Organic Cage Nanocomposites
Received date: 2022-07-09
Revised date: 2022-08-17
Online published: 2022-09-02
多孔有机分子笼(POC)是一类具有固定腔隙的离散分子, 因其稳定的孔隙结构、较高的比表面积和良好的可溶性, 正成为一类可用于容纳特定大小的分子或离子的新兴功能性材料. 除此之外, 该类材料中稳定存在的开放孔隙结构, 使其在气体分离与储存、传感器件、药物运输等领域具有广泛的应用, 已逐渐成为国内外研究的热点. 目前, 多孔有机分子笼存在能与金属结合的位点, 并具有空间限域效应, 能有效防止金属纳米颗粒的团聚, 故常被用于特定尺寸金属纳米颗粒的制备, 从而形成金属-多孔有机分子笼纳米复合材料. 多孔有机分子笼不仅可调控金属纳米粒子的大小, 还可通过多孔笼体结构的保护, 在不影响其原子表面可及率的条件下, 稳定其微纳结构. 相比于传统金属纳米催化剂, 金属-多孔有机分子笼纳米复合物不仅具有更优越的稳定性, 还可提供更多的催化活性位点. 总结了近年来金属-多孔有机分子笼复合领域的研究成果, 以及其应用领域的重要进展, 为金属-多孔有机分子笼纳米复合物在催化、传感、医学等方面的后续研究提供启示.
陈嘉麟 , 马郅蘅 , 李禹沣 , 曹思炜 , 庄强 . 金属-多孔有机分子笼纳米复合物的研究进展[J]. 有机化学, 2023 , 43(1) : 120 -129 . DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202207020
Porous organic molecular cage (POC) is a kind of discrete molecule with specific sized cavities. Due to stable pore structure, high specific surface area, and good solubility, POC is emerging as a promising multi-functional material by accepting specific-sized molecules or ions within the cavity. In addition, derived from the stable and open pores, POCs can be utilized to a variety of applications, such as gas separation and storage, sensors, drug delivery, and so on, which is becoming a research hotspot at home and abroad. At present, given to the strong binding sites with metal nanoparticles (MNPs) and spatial confinement effect within the cage, POCs provide a new and stable way to protect metal nanoparticles from aggregation. Therefore, POCs are often used to prepare the metal nanoparticles of specific size, forming the metal-porous organic cage nanocomposites. The advantage of POCs in the metal-POCs nanocomposite is not only to regulate the size of metal nanoparticles but also to stabilize the micro/nanostructures without affecting the surface accessibility of active atoms within cages. Compared with traditional method to stabilize catalytic nanoparticles, MNPs-POCs composite has better stability and more active catalytic centers. The recent research achievements in MNPs-POCs nanocomposites and their important applications are summarized in this review, which is expected to inspire the further application in catalysis, sensors, medicine, etc.
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