蛋白质/多肽的精准合成: 单一位点选择性化学修饰与自动化合成技术★
收稿日期: 2025-05-21
修回日期: 2025-06-18
网络出版日期: 2025-08-27
基金资助
国家自然科学基金(22208290)
Precise Synthesis of Proteins/Peptides: Advances in Single-Site Selective Chemical Modification and Automated Synthesis Technologies★
★ Academic Papers of the 27th Annual Meeting of the China Association for Science and Technology.
Received date: 2025-05-21
Revised date: 2025-06-18
Online published: 2025-08-27
Supported by
National Natural Science Foundation of China(22208290)
蛋白质/多肽的精准合成是开发创新药物、构建高性能分子探针及先进功能材料的关键基础. 近年来, 单一位点选择性化学修饰与自动化合成技术的突破性进展, 显著提升了序列控制的精确度, 实现了功能基团的定点引入及多样化修饰, 有效克服了传统非选择性修饰导致的产物异质性难题, 同时大幅提高了复杂多肽合成的效率与精度. 此综述总结了近五年(2020~2025)蛋白质/多肽单一位点修饰策略的研究进展, 重点探讨了基于位点特性的直接修饰、配体导向修饰以及关键点定向修饰等策略, 同时系统评述了自动化精准合成技术的最新发展. 这些技术的创新不仅大幅提升了蛋白质/多肽结构的可控合成与精准功能化水平, 更为药物开发、分子探针工程及生物偶联等应用领域提供了新途径. 展望未来, 新型生物正交试剂的开发应用、动态修饰技术的创新融合, 以及人工智能辅助的合成路线优化将成为该领域的重要研究方向, 有望推动蛋白质精准合成技术实现新的突破.
任程 , 李承喜 . 蛋白质/多肽的精准合成: 单一位点选择性化学修饰与自动化合成技术★[J]. 有机化学, 2025 , 45(9) : 3128 -3147 . DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202505023
The precise synthesis of proteins and peptides is fundamental for developing innovative therapeutics, high-per- formance molecular probes, and advanced functional materials. Recent advances in single-site selective chemical modification and automated synthesis technologies have significantly improved precision in sequence control, enabled site-specific introduction of functional groups and diversified modification. These developments have effectively addressed the issue of product heterogeneity from traditional non-selective modifications while substantially improving the efficiency and precision of complex sequence synthesis. This review summarizes the research progress in single-site modification strategies for proteins/peptides over the past five years (2020~2025), focusing on site-specific direct modification, ligand-directed modification, and linchpin-directed modification. It also provides a systematic evaluation of recent developments in automated precision synthesis technologies. These technological innovations have not only enhanced the capability for controllable synthesis and precise functionalization of protein/peptide, but also created new opportunities in drug development, molecular probe engineering, and bioconjugation applications. Looking ahead, the development and application of novel bioorthogonal reagents, the integration of innovative dynamic modification technologies, and AI-assisted synthesis route optimization will emerge as key research directions, promising to drive breakthroughs in protein precision synthesis.
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