1 过渡金属催化的C—H键官能团化
1.1 烯烃化反应
1.2 芳基化反应
1.3 烷基化反应
1.4 其他官能团化反应
2 电催化的C—H键官能团化
2.1 芳基化反应
图式19 电催化的芳胺和萘-2-胺衍生物选择性脱氢交叉偶联策略Scheme 19 Electrocatalytic strategy for selective dehydrogenative cross-coupling of anilines and naphthalen-2-amine derivatives |
芳胺对位C(sp2)—H键官能团化研究进展
收稿日期: 2025-11-25
修回日期: 2025-12-22
网络出版日期: 2026-02-02
Recent Advances in the Functionalization of para-C(sp2)—H Bonds of Anilines
Received date: 2025-11-25
Revised date: 2025-12-22
Online published: 2026-02-02
芳胺对位C(sp2)—H键的直接官能团化是有机合成领域中的一个重要研究方向. 传统上, 实现该位点的选择性官能团化主要依赖于氨基的预保护与活化, 此过程不仅步骤繁琐, 且严重制约了合成的效率与步骤经济性. 近年来, 该领域取得了革命性进展, 通过发展过渡金属催化、有机光催化、电化学合成以及无金属催化等多元化策略, 成功实现了芳胺对位C—H键的直接、高选择性修饰, 从根本上克服了传统方法的局限性. 此文旨在系统梳理这一领域的研究脉络, 详细总结了上述各类催化模式的反应设计、机理特点及其在构建C—C与C—杂原子键中的应用, 并对该关键合成转化的发展现状与核心成就进行了全面评述.
戴乐薇 , 王建玲 , 邹东 . 芳胺对位C(sp2)—H键官能团化研究进展[J]. 有机化学, 2026 , 46(5) : 1813 -1844 . DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202511017
The direct functionalization of the para-C(sp2)—H bond of anilines represents a significant research direction in organic synthesis. Conventionally, achieving selective functionalization at this position has predominantly relied on the pre-protection and activation of the amino group, a process that is not only step-intensive but also severely limits synthetic efficiency and step economy. In recent years, revolutionary progress has been made in this field. The development of diverse strategies, such as transition metal catalysis, organic photoredox catalysis, electrochemical synthesis, and metal-free catalysis, has successfully enabled the direct and highly selective modification of the para-C—H bond of anilines, fundamentally overcoming the limitations of traditional approaches. This review aims to systematically outline the research trajectory in this area, providing a detailed summary of the reaction design, mechanistic characteristics, and applications of these catalytic modalities in constructing carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bonds, thereby offering a comprehensive account of the current development and key achievements in this pivotal synthetic transformation.
图式19 电催化的芳胺和萘-2-胺衍生物选择性脱氢交叉偶联策略Scheme 19 Electrocatalytic strategy for selective dehydrogenative cross-coupling of anilines and naphthalen-2-amine derivatives |
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(蔡晨怡, 邹东, 有机化学, 2022, 42, 1586.)
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