手性香料(–)-薄荷醇的不对称合成进展
收稿日期: 2025-12-18
修回日期: 2026-01-25
网络出版日期: 2026-03-20
基金资助
重庆中烟工业有限责任公司科技(HX20230204)
Advances in the Asymmetric Synthesis of Chiral Fragrance (–)-Menthol
Received date: 2025-12-18
Revised date: 2026-01-25
Online published: 2026-03-20
Supported by
Science and Technology Project of China Tobacco Chongqing Industrial Company Limited(HX20230204)
(–)-薄荷醇特有的风味使其在食品、医药及日化领域应用广泛. 持续增长的市场需求促使高效不对称合成方法的快速发展. 综述了(–)-薄荷醇的主流工业化合成路线与不对称催化前沿进展, 旨在梳理其合成策略的发展脉络与技术演进趋势. 目前工业上主要采用三条技术路线: Symrise路线以手性拆分获得产物; Takasago通过铑催化不对称异构化高选择性合成中间体; BASF则通过铑催化柠檬醛不对称氢化直接获得关键中间体香茅醛. 此外, 以胡椒烯酮为前体的还原路线及有机小分子催化的转移氢化策略也提供了合成多样性. 值得关注的是, List团队近期设计的手性强布朗斯特酸催化剂, 通过空间限域效应实现了柠檬醛的高选择性环化, 为开发步骤经济性和原子经济性的合成新工艺提供了借鉴.
刘如灿 , 唐杰 , 朱立军 , 马明 , 胡旭东 , 刘文博 . 手性香料(–)-薄荷醇的不对称合成进展[J]. 有机化学, 2026 , 46(6) : 2267 -2274 . DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202512024
The unique flavor of (–)-menthol makes it widely used in the fields of food, medicine, and daily chemicals. The continuously growing market demand has driven the rapid development of efficient asymmetric synthetic routes. This review summarizes the mainstream industrial synthesis routes and advances in asymmetric catalysis of (–)-menthol, aiming to outline the development and technological evolution of its synthetic strategies. Currently, three major technical pathways are predominantly employed in industrial production: the Symrise route obtains the target product via chiral resolution; the Takasago process achieves highly selective synthesis of key intermediates through rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric isome- rization. While the BASF route directly affords the crucial intermediate citronellal via rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of citral. Furthermore, synthetic diversity is also provided by reductive strategies using piperitenone as a precursor and transfer hydrogenation approaches catalyzed by organocatalysts. Notably, the recent design of a chiral strong Brønsted acid catalyst by the List group, which enables highly selective cyclization of neral through a spatial confinement effect. This advancement offers a valuable paradigm for developing novel synthetic processes with enhanced step and atom economy.
Key words: (–)-menthol; asymmetric synthesis; chiral fragrances
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