短孔道Pt/W-s-SBA-15催化剂的合成及甘油催化氢解制1,3-丙二醇性能的研究

doi:10.6023/A19060219

化学学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 77 ›› Issue (10): 1054-1062.DOI: 10.6023/A19060219 上一篇

研究论文

短孔道Pt/W-s-SBA-15催化剂的合成及甘油催化氢解制1,3-丙二醇性能的研究

成诗婕^a, 曾杨^a, 裴燕^a, 范康年^a, 乔明华^a^*(), 宗保宁^b^*()

^a 复旦大学化学系上海市分子催化和功能材料重点实验室上海 200438
^b 中国石化石油化工科学研究院催化材料与反应工程国家重点实验室北京 100083

投稿日期:2019-06-18 发布日期:2019-08-12
通讯作者: 乔明华,宗保宁 E-mail:mhqiao@fudan.edu.cn;zongbn.ripp@sinopec.com
基金资助:
项目受国家重点研发专项项目(2016YFB0301602);国家自然科学基金(21872035);上海市科委科技基金资助(08DZ2270500);石油化工催化材料与反应工程国家重点实验室(中国石油化工股份有限公司石油化工科学研究院)开放基金课题资助

Synthesis and Catalysis of Pt/W-s-SBA-15 Catalysts with Short Channel for Glycerol Hydrogenolysis to 1,3-Propanediol

Cheng, Shijie^a, Zeng, Yang^a, Pei, Yan^a, Fan, Kangnian^a, Qiao, Minghua^a^*(), Zong, Baoning^b^*()

^a Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438
^b State Key Laboratory of Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, SINOPEC, Beijing 100083

Received:2019-06-18 Published:2019-08-12
Contact: Qiao, Minghua,Zong, Baoning E-mail:mhqiao@fudan.edu.cn;zongbn.ripp@sinopec.com
Supported by:
Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Project of China(2016YFB0301602);the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21872035);Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(08DZ2270500);State Key Laboratory of Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering (RIPP, SINOPEC)

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摘要/Abstract

合成了孔道平行于短轴方向的W原位掺杂的介孔SBA-15分子筛(W-s-SBA-15), 以其为载体制备了Pt/W-s-SBA-15催化剂, 考察了催化剂中Pt、W负载量变化对甘油氢解制1,3-丙二醇(1,3-PDO)性能的影响. 采用多种手段对催化剂的形貌、活性组分Pt和W的存在状态、催化剂的酸性等性质进行了系统的表征. 催化剂评价结果表明, 随着Pt、W负载量的增加, 甘油的总转化率和液相转化率(CTL)提高, 而1,3-PDO选择性呈先升高后降低的火山型变化趋势. 在Pt负载量为4.0 wt%、W/Si物质的量比为1/480的4Pt/W-s-SBA-15(1/480)催化剂上, 在433 K、H₂压力4.0 MPa、反应时间24 h的条件下, 甘油氢解制1,3-PDO的得率可达49.0%. 根据表征结果, 我们发现在Pt/W-s-SBA-15催化剂上的甘油转化率与Pt活性比表面积直接相关, 而小的Pt粒径、Pt与单分散WO₄之间密切的协同作用, 则有助于提高1,3-PDO的选择性.

关键词: 短孔道W-SBA-15, 甘油氢解, 1,3-丙二醇, 铂, 钨

The mesoporous SBA-15 molecular sieves doped in situ by W with channels parallel to the short axis (W-s-SBA-15) were synthesized by using decane as cosolvent and trimethylbenzene (TMB) as pore-expanding agent, which were used as the supports for the preparation of the Pt/W-s-SBA-15 catalysts. The effect of the loadings of Pt and W on the catalytic performance in glycerol hydrogenolysis to 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO) was investigated. The morphology, chemical states of Pt and W, and acidity of the catalysts were systematically characterized by using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), CO pulsed adsorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman, ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectra (UV-Vis DRS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and FT-IR of adsorbed pyridine analysis (Py-IR). The BET and TEM results revealed that there are two kinds of pores in the structure: the mesoporous channels parallel to the short axis and honeycomb-like macropores. The Pt dispersion and active surface area calculated from CO chemical adsorption, firstly increased and then decreased with the increase in the Pt and W loadings. The highly dispersed tungsten species were assigned to the single-site WO₄ on the basis of the characterization results of Raman, UV-Vis DRS, and FT-IR. The XPS results indicated that the amount of the Pt-O-Si/W linkages and the Pt ^δ+/(Pt ⁰+Pt ^δ+) ratio are the highest on the 4Pt/W-s-SBA-15(1/480) catalyst which promote the dispersion of the Pt particles on the catalyst surface. With the increase in the loadings of Pt and W, the conversion of glycerol and the conversion of glycerol to liquid products (CTL) increased monotonically, while the selectivity to 1,3-PDO experienced a volcanic-type evolution. At the reaction temperature of 433 K, H₂ pressure of 4.0 MPa, and reaction time of 24 h, the highest yield of 1,3-PDO of 49.0% was resulted on the 4Pt/W-s-SBA-15(1/480) catalyst. It is identified that the conversion of glycerol on the Pt/W-s-SBA-15 catalysts is proportional to the active surface area of Pt on the catalyst, while the small Pt particle size and the strong synergy between Pt and the highly dispersed WO₄ species are advantageous to the formation of 1,3-PDO.

Key words: short-channel W-SBA-15, glycerol hydrogenolysis, 1,3-propanediol, Pt, W

引用此文

成诗婕, 曾杨, 裴燕, 范康年, 乔明华, 宗保宁. 短孔道Pt/W-s-SBA-15催化剂的合成及甘油催化氢解制1,3-丙二醇性能的研究[J]. 化学学报, 2019, 77(10): 1054-1062.

Cheng, Shijie, Zeng, Yang, Pei, Yan, Fan, Kangnian, Qiao, Minghua, Zong, Baoning. Synthesis and Catalysis of Pt/W-s-SBA-15 Catalysts with Short Channel for Glycerol Hydrogenolysis to 1,3-Propanediol[J]. Acta Chimica Sinica, 2019, 77(10): 1054-1062.

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图/表 13

Catalyst	Pt^a/wt%	W/Si^a (molar ratio)	Pt/W^a (molar ratio)	S_BET^b/(m²?g^–1)	d_pore^b/nm	V_pore^b/(cm³?g^–1)
1Pt/W-s-SBA-15(1/1920)	0.89	1/1898	5.2	581	10.2	1.3
2Pt/W-s-SBA-15(1/960)	1.67	1/941	4.9	603	10.9	1.6
3Pt/W-s-SBA-15(1/640)	2.78	1/614	5.2	605	10.8	1.5
4Pt/W-s-SBA-15(1/480)	3.64	1/438	4.9	566	10.8	1.6
5Pt/W-s-SBA-15(1/384)	4.84	1/344	5.1	588	10.2	1.5

表1. mPt/W-s-SBA-15(n)催化剂的基本物化性质

Table 1. The physicochemical properties of the mPt/W-s-SBA-15(n) catalysts

图1. W/Si物质的量比为(a) 1/1920, (b) 1/960, (c) 1/640, (d) 1/480和(e) 1/384的mPt/W-s-SBA-15(n)催化剂的(A) N2吸脱附等温线、(B) 孔径分布曲线和(C) XRD谱

Figure 1. (A) The N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, (B) pore size distributions, and (C) XRD patterns of the mPt/W-s-SBA-15(n) catalysts with the W/Si molar ratios of (a) 1/1920, (b) 1/960, (c) 1/640, (d) 1/480 and (e) 1/384

图2. 4Pt/W-s-SBA-15(1/480)催化剂的(a, b) SEM和(c, d) TEM照片

Figure 2. (a, b) SEM and (c, d) TEM images of the 4Pt/W-s-SBA-15 (1/480) catalyst

图3. W/Si物质的量比为(a) 1/1920, (b) 1/960, (c) 1/640, (d) 1/480和(e) 1/384的mPt/W-s-SBA-15(n)催化剂的TEM照片和Pt粒径分布曲线

Figure 3. TEM images and PSD histograms with Gaussian analysis fittings of the mPt/W-s-SBA-15(n) catalysts with the W/Si molar ratios of (a) 1/1920, (b) 1/960, (c) 1/640, (d) 1/480 and (e) 1/384

Catalyst	D^a/%	S_Pt^a/(m²?g_Pt^-1)	d_Pt/nm		n_L^b/(μmol?g_cat^-1)	n_B^b/(μmol?g_cat^-1)
Catalyst	D^a/%	S_Pt^a/(m²?g_Pt^-1)	CO	TEM	n_L^b/(μmol?g_cat^-1)	n_B^b/(μmol?g_cat^-1)
1Pt/W-s-SBA-15(1/1920)	40.2	99	2.8	1.3	—	—
2Pt/W-s-SBA-15(1/960)	49.4	122	2.3	2.6	—	—
3Pt/W-s-SBA-15(1/640)	51.5	127	2.2	5.1	287	37
4Pt/W-s-SBA-15(1/480)	47.2	117	3.1	5.6	367	77
5Pt/W-s-SBA-15(1/384)	35.9	89	3.1	5.7	415	68

表2. mPt/W-s-SBA-15(n)催化剂的分散度、活性比表面积、粒径和酸性质

Table 2. The Pt dispersion, active surface area, particle size, and acidity of the mPt/W-s-SBA-15(n) catalysts

图4. W/Si物质的量比为(a) 1/1920, (b) 1/960, (c) 1/640, (d) 1/480和(e) 1/384的mPt/W-s-SBA-15(n)催化剂的Pt 4f谱

Figure 4. The Pt 4f spectra of the mPt/W-s-SBA-15(n) catalysts with the W/Si molar ratios of (a) 1/1920, (b) 1/960, (c) 1/640, (d) 1/480 and (e) 1/384

Catalyst	Pt 4f_7/2 BE/eV		Pt^δ+/(Pt⁰+Pt^δ+)	Pt/Si atomic ratio/%
Catalyst	Pt⁰	Pt^δ+	Pt^δ+/(Pt⁰+Pt^δ+)	Pt/Si atomic ratio/%
1Pt/W-s-SBA-15(1/1920)	71.3	73.2	0.21	0.21
2Pt/W-s-SBA-15(1/960)	71.1	72.4	0.27	0.28
3Pt/W-s-SBA-15(1/640)	71.1	73.0	0.24	0.38
4Pt/W-s-SBA-15(1/480)	71.1	73.0	0.17	0.48
5Pt/W-s-SBA-15(1/384)	71.1	72.9	0.13	0.56

表3. mPt/W-s-SBA-15(n)催化剂的Pt 4f 谱拟合结果

Table 3. Pt 4f XPS fitting results of the mPt/W-s-SBA-15(n) catalysts

图5. W/Si物质的量比为(a) 1/1920, (b) 1/960, (c) 1/640, (d) 1/480和(e) 1/384的mPt/W-s-SBA-15(n)催化剂的(A) Raman、(B) UV-Vis DRS和(C) FT-IR谱

Figure 5. (A) Raman, (B) UV-Vis DRS and (C) FT-IR spectra of the mPt/W-s-SBA-15(n) catalysts with the W/Si molar ratios of (a) 1/1920, (b) 1/960, (c) 1/640, (d) 1/480 and (e) 1/384

图6. W/Si物质的量比为(a) 1/1920, (b) 1/960, (c) 1/640, (d) 1/480和(e) 1/384的mPt/W-s-SBA-15(n)催化剂在(A) 298 K和(B) 423 K时的Py-IR谱

Figure 6. Py-IR spectra of the mPt/W-s-SBA-15(n) catalysts with the W/Si molar ratios of (a) 1/1920, (b) 1/960, (c) 1/640, (d) 1/480 and (e) 1/384 at desorption temperatures of (A) 298 K and (B) 423 K

Catalyst	Conversion/%	CTL/%	Selectivity/%				Yield_1,3-PDO/%
Catalyst	Conversion/%	CTL/%	1,3-PDO	1,2-PDO	1-PrOH	Others	Yield_1,3-PDO/%
1Pt/W-s-SBA-15(1/1920)	4.0	2.7	34.2	37.8	21.7	6.3	0.9
2Pt/W-s-SBA-15(1/960)	23.2	19.3	66.2	16.5	14.1	3.2	12.8
3Pt/W-s-SBA-15(1/640)	47.9	46.7	71.7	7.5	17.2	3.6	33.5
4Pt/W-s-SBA-15(1/480)	72.5	69.3	70.7	2.0	23.5	3.8	49.0
5Pt/W-s-SBA-15(1/384)	76.8	72.8	65.1	2.3	28.7	3.9	47.4
4Pt/W-SBA-15(1/480)	66.2	63.6	70.1	2.9	22.9	4.0	44.6

表4. mPt/W-s-SBA-15(n)催化剂的甘油催化氢解性能

Table 4. The catalytic results of the mPt/W-s-SBA-15(n) catalysts in glycerol hydrogenolysisa

图7. 钨源和负载顺序对4Pt/W-s-SBA-15(1/480)催化剂甘油催化氢解性能的影响

Figure 7. The effects of the W precursor and loading sequence on the catalytic performance of the 4Pt/W-s-SBA-15(1/480) catalyst in glycerol hydrogenolysis

图8. TMB/P123质量比对4Pt/W-s-SBA-15(1/480)催化剂甘油催化氢解性能的影响

Figure 8. The effect of the TMB/P123 mass ratio on the catalytic performance of the 4Pt/W-s-SBA-15(1/480) catalyst in glycerol hydrogenolysis

图9. 甘油的总转化率与mPt/W-s-SBA-15(n)催化剂活性比表面积的关系

Figure 9. Correlation between the conversion of glycerol and the active surface area of the mPt/W-s-SBA-15(n) catalysts

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短孔道Pt/W-s-SBA-15催化剂的合成及甘油催化氢解制1,3-丙二醇性能的研究

Synthesis and Catalysis of Pt/W-s-SBA-15 Catalysts with Short Channel for Glycerol Hydrogenolysis to 1,3-Propanediol

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