化学学报 ›› 1993, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (8): 769-773. 上一篇    下一篇

研究论文

应用离子选择性电极进行溶液热力学研究 Ⅴ:KCl在283.15K~318.15K间七个温度下由H~2O至DMF-H~2O混合溶剂的标准转移Gibbs自由和转移熵的测定

褚德萤;韩素娥;刘瑞麟   

  1. 北京大学化学系
  • 发布日期:1993-08-15

Using ion-selective electrodes to study the thermodynamics of solution. Ⅴ.the standard gibbs free energies and entropies of transfer of KCl from H~2O to DMF-H~2O mixture at seven temperatures from 283.15K to 318.15K

CHU DEYING;HAN SUE;LIU RUILIN   

  • Published:1993-08-15

本文应用Corning一价阳离子选择电极与氯离子选择电极组成无液接可逆电池,测定电池在283.15K~318.15K间七个温度下的标准电动势及其温度系数,计算KCl从纯水到相应的DMF-H~2O混合溶剂的标准转移Gibbs自由能ΔG 和标准转移熵ΔS ,得出ΔG 和ΔS 随混合溶剂中DMF的摩尔分数x~DMF及温度T的变化规律.发现KCl的ΔS随x~DMF变化的趋势和NaCl的相反.从离子溶剂化作用及其对溶剂结构的影响作了讨论.

关键词: 化学热力学, 溶液, 离子选择电极, 熵, 自由能, 氯化钾, 溶剂化, DMF, 吉布斯函数

A standard emf. reversible cell method was used to determine the free energies of transfer of KCl from water to aqueous DMF solns. at 283.15-318.15 K. The entropy values were also determine The changing behavior of the DS皌 points to the changes in solvation of KCl in aqueous mixtures and in water.

Key words: CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS, SOLUTION, ION SELECTIVE ELECTRODE, ENTROPY, FREE ENERGY, POTASSIUM CHLORIDE, SOLVATION, GIBBS FUNCTION

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