超分子有机框架:水相周期性自组装孔结构

doi:10.6023/A14120880

摘要/Abstract

概述了水相超分子有机框架组装方面最近的进展. 在简述了利用多头基单体构筑超分子组装体的背景之后, 介绍了利用三头基和四头基分子形成超分子网络组装体的重要例子, 着重描述了利用刚性预组织平面三角形单体和四面体单体, 通过葫芦脲[8]对4-苯基吡啶盐堆积二聚体的包结作用, 在水相构筑二维和三维超分子有机框架的进展, 并简要叙述了在水相表征周期性自组装结构的仪器分析方法. 最后就超分子有机框架构筑的单体设计及其可能的应用及功能做了分析与展望.

关键词: 超分子有机框架, 孔结构, 周期性, 疏水作用, 水相

This article summarizes the recent advance for the construction of supramolecular organic frameworks (SOFs) in aqueous media from rationally designed rigid preorganized building blocks. We first introduce the research background on the design of multitopic molecular monomers for the self-assembly of discrete supramolecular aggregates and polymers. We then describe the formation of less ordered supramolecular polymers from tritopic molecular monomers. In the following section, we show that conjugated rigid triangular building blocks have been successfully applied for the construction of two-dimensional (2D) one-layer SOFs in water. Following this, we further present the design of tetratopic building blocks for the formation of three-dimensional (3D) supramolecular networks in aqueous and organic solvents. Finally, we demonstrate that a 3D porous SOF can be assembled from a preorganized tetrahedral building block in water. For the formation of both 2D and 3D SOFs, the hydrophobically driven encapsulation of the stacked dimer of 4-phenylpyridinium unit in the cavity of cucurbit[8]uril in water plays a key role, and the dimerization of viologen radical cation has also been utilized as driving force for generating a 2D SOF. We also briefly introduce the analytical methods for the characterization of SOFs in solution. In the conclusion section, we make a perspective for the construction of SOFs in solution and their potential applications in guest adsorption and release.

Key words: supramolecular organic framework, porous structure, periodicity, hydrophobicity, aqueous solution

引用此文

王辉, 张丹维, 赵新, 黎占亭. 超分子有机框架:水相周期性自组装孔结构[J]. 化学学报, 2015, 73(6): 471-479.

Wang Hui, Zhang Danwei, Zhao Xin, Li Zhanting. Supramolecular Organic Frameworks (SOFs): Water-Phase Periodic Porous Self-Assembled Architectures[J]. Acta Chim. Sinica, 2015, 73(6): 471-479.

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