钠硒电池关键材料的研究进展

doi:10.6023/A20120576

化学学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 79 ›› Issue (5): 641-648.DOI: 10.6023/A20120576 上一篇下一篇

综述

钠硒电池关键材料的研究进展

林碧霞^a, 黄颖珊^a, 陈帅^a, 邢震宇^a^,^b^,^*()

a 华南师范大学化学学院广州 510006
b 环境理论化学教育部重点实验室广州 510006

投稿日期:2020-12-20 发布日期:2021-02-22
通讯作者: 邢震宇

作者简介:

林碧霞, 2011年于华南师范大学取得硕士学位, 目前主要研究方向集中于纳米材料的制备及其在光电领域的应用.

邢震宇, 2012年吉林大学取得化学学士学位, 2016年美国Oregon State University取得化学博士学位, 之后在加拿大University of Waterloo从事博士后研究, 自2018年被引进华南师范大学工作. 主要研究方向集中于基于金属热反应的材料制备及其在能源存储领域的应用, 尤其在碳材料和硫化锂材料的制备方面取得了系统性的研究进展.

基金资助:
项目受国家自然科学基金青年基金(22002045); 广东省基础与应用基础研究基金自然科学基金项目(面上项目)(2020A1515011549); 广东省普通高校青年创新人才项目(2018KQNCX059)

Research Progress of Key Materials for Sodium-selenium Batteries

Bixia Lin^a, Yingshan Huang^a, Shuai Chen^a, Zhenyu Xing^a^,^b^,^*()

a School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
b Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, China

Received:2020-12-20 Published:2021-02-22
Contact: Zhenyu Xing
About author:
*E-mail: xingzhenyu@m.scnu.edu.cn
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(22002045); Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2020A1515011549); Education Department of Guangdong Province(2018KQNCX059)

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摘要/Abstract

钠硒电池中硒正极导电率高(1×10^–3 S/m), 体积比容量高(3253 mAh/cm³), 而钠负极原材料资源丰富, 成本低廉, 在基站式储能方面具有一定优势. 但是, 循环过程中硒正极的穿梭效应及体积变化等问题极大限制了钠硒电池的发展. 本综述总结了钠硒电池的基本原理和现存难题, 并详细介绍了其研究进展, 最后展望了钠硒电池的未来发展方向, 以期为钠硒电池的进一步研究提供新的思路.

关键词: 钠硒电池, 穿梭效应, 基站式储能, 正极材料

Sodium-selenium batteries show some advantages in stationary energy storage, benefitting from selenium cathode of high conductivity (1×10^–3 S/m), high volume-specific capacity (3253 mAh/cm³), as well as sodium anode of abundant resources and low cost. However, the serious shuttle effect and volume change of selenium cathode greatly limit the further development. Herein, basic mechanism and current problems of sodium-selenium batteries are summarized, and the current research progress are discussed in detail. In end, future development of sodium-selenium is proposed, in order to provide some new perspectives.

Key words: sodium-selenium battery, shuttle effect, stationary energy storage, cathode material

引用此文

林碧霞, 黄颖珊, 陈帅, 邢震宇. 钠硒电池关键材料的研究进展[J]. 化学学报, 2021, 79(5): 641-648.

Bixia Lin, Yingshan Huang, Shuai Chen, Zhenyu Xing. Research Progress of Key Materials for Sodium-selenium Batteries[J]. Acta Chimica Sinica, 2021, 79(5): 641-648.

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图/表 18

图1. 钠硒电池近几年发表论文数目

Figure 1. Number of publications on sodium-selenium batteries in recent years

图2. 硒正极的(a) CV曲线; (b)充放电曲线; (c)放电至1.7, 1.3和0.5 V的原位拉曼光谱; (d)放电至0.5 V的XRD图谱[14]

Figure 2. (a) CV curve; (b) charge and discharge curve; (c) in situ Raman spectra after discharging to 1.7, 1.3 and 0.5 V; (d) XRD results after discharging to 0.5 V of selenium cathode[14]

图3. 硒在充放电过程中的晶格转换示意图[13]

Figure 3. Schematic diagram of lattice conversion of selenium during charging and discharging[13]

图4. 钠硒电池现存问题

Figure 4. Existing problems in sodium-selenium batteries

图5. 金属钠负极在碳酸盐类电解液形成钠枝晶的示意图[16]

Figure 5. Schematic diagram of sodium dendrite formation in carbonate electrolyte by metal sodium anode[16]

图6. (a)材料合成过程示意图; (b)多孔碳纳米棒作为硒宿主构建的类似菠萝蜜结构示意图[14]

Figure 6. (a) Schematic of the material synthesis process; (b) schematic diagram of Jackfruit-like structure constructed from porous carbon nanorods as hosts for selenium[14]

图7. (a)倍率性能; (b)倍率性能对应的充放电曲线; (c) 2 C 的电流密度下的循环性能图[14]

Figure 7. (a) Multiplier performance; (b) charge-discharge curve corresponding to multiplier performance; (c) cycling performance at current density of 2 C[14]

图8. 管状空心结构的硒/碳复合材料制备示意图[27]

Figure 8. Schematic diagram of preparation of Se/carbon composites with tubular hollow structure[27]

图9. 硒/纤维素衍生碳纳米片复合材料结构示意图[28]

Figure 9. Structure diagram of selenium/cellulose derived carbon nanosheet composite[28]

图10. Se/石墨烯复合材料的熔体注入和蒸汽渗透方法示意图[30]

Figure 10. Schematic diagram of melt injection and steam permeation methods for Se/ graphene composites[30]

图11. CNF/Se电极合成工艺示意图[31]

Figure 11. Schematic diagram of CNF/Se electrode synthesis process[31]

图12. 硒浸渍纳米纤维素衍生单片碳的合成工艺示意图[32]

Figure 12. Schematic diagram of the synthesis process of single sheet carbon derived from selenium impregnated nanocellulose[32]

图13. Se/NPCPs复合材料合成示意图[34]

Figure 13. Schematic diagram of Se/NPCPs composite material synthesis[34]

图14. 硒-微孔-介孔结构的分级多孔碳制备过程示意图[35]

Figure 14. Schematic diagram of the preparation process of fractional porous carbon with selenium-microporous-mesoporous structure[35]

图15. N-HRMC/Se材料合成示意图[37]

Figure 15. Schematic diagram of N-HRMC/Se material synthesis[37]

图16. 氮掺杂碳包覆碳化铁/硒(Fe3C@C-Se)的合成过程图[11]

Figure 16. Schematic diagram of the synthesis process of nitrogen- doped carbon coating iron carbide/selenium (Fe3C@C-Se)[11]

图17. 碳材料覆盖隔膜上示意图[31]

Figure 17. Schematic diagram of carbon material coated battery separator[31]

Material	Mass fraction of Se/%	Initial capacity/(mAh∙g^–1)	Capacity retention/(mAh∙g^–1)	Cycle	Rate	Ref.
Jackfruit-Se/C composite	54	616	399	600	2 C	[14]
Se@NCAs	47	599	407	800	0.5 A/g	[15]
Se-R800A	66.7	300	300	500	2 A/g	[29]
Fe₃C@C-Se	72.6	457 (3rd)	375	300	2 C	[11]
Se@N-HRMC	72.6	500 (3rd)	450	500	0.5 C	[37]
Se@N-MCPs	54	520 (4th)	460	500	1 A/g	[35]
VSeG	52.5	410	370	800	2 A/g	[30]
iPANI@NSHPC/Se	54	630	617	200	0.2 C	[33]
Se/HDHPC	56	619	400	500	0.5 C	[38]
Se@MCNFs	64	590	490	300	0.5 A/g	[26]
Se@CNFs-CNT	60	580	550	80	0.05 A/g	[39]

表1. 近几年钠硒电池正极材料及其电化学性能

Table 1. Electrochemical performances of reported sodium-selenium batteries cathode materials in recent years

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钠硒电池关键材料的研究进展

Research Progress of Key Materials for Sodium-selenium Batteries

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