化学学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 82 ›› Issue (10): 1069-1085.DOI: 10.6023/A24070218 上一篇    下一篇

综述

近红外二区荧光探针在活体多重成像中的研究进展

蒋励, 陈子晗, 凡勇*()   

  1. 复旦大学化学系 聚合物工程国家重点实验室 上海 200438
  • 投稿日期:2024-07-16 发布日期:2024-09-13
  • 作者简介:

    蒋励, 男, 汉族, 2001年出生于浙江温州, 2023年6月毕业于四川大学化学学院, 2023年9月进入复旦大学化学系攻读博士学位, 研究方向为近红外二区多重成像.

    陈子晗, 本科毕业于华东师范大学化学与分子工程学院, 2019年9月进入复旦大学化学系攻读博士研究生. 目前已在Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.、TrAC Trend Anal. Chem.等期刊上发表第一作者论文4篇, 研究方向为稀土纳米材料的合成与近红外二区成像、疾病相关标志物的荧光检测方法与体外多靶标诊断.

    凡勇, 复旦大学化学系教授, 博士生导师, 国家优秀青年基金获得者. 2009年获得西安交通大学理学学士学位, 2015年获得清华大学物理系理学博士学位, 2015~2018年复旦大学化学系博士后, 2019年1月加入复旦大学化学系, 主要研究领域包括功能性近红外荧光纳米材料、荧光介观材料的设计与合成及其在医学成像、疾病诊断和治疗中的应用.

  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金优秀青年基金(22222403); 国家自然科学基金国际(地区)合作与交流项目(22161160320); 国家自然科学基金面上项目(32171377); 上海市基础研究领域重大项目(22JC1400400)

Research Progress on Fluorescent Probes in the Second Near-Infrared Window for In Vivo Multiplexed Imaging

Li Jiang, Zihan Chen, Yong Fan()   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433
  • Received:2024-07-16 Published:2024-09-13
  • Contact: *E-mail: fan_yong@fudan.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Science Fund for Excellent Young Scholars(22222403); International (Regional) Cooperation and Exchange (ICE) Projects of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)(22161160320); National Natural Science Foundation of China(32171377); Key Basic Research Program of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(22JC1400400)

近红外二区(NIR-II, 1000~1700 nm)荧光成像技术, 因生物组织对其低的吸收和散射, 以及接近零的自体荧光背景噪声, 使得其在生物体内具备深的穿透能力以及高的分辨率和信噪比, 目前已经成为活体内研究的一种新型的技术手段, 尤其适用于活体组织内的多重成像. 本综述首先回顾了NIR-II荧光探针的设计与合成, 涵盖稀土基纳米颗粒、量子点及有机荧光分子等, 并探讨了多重成像技术对方法和设备的需求与成像技术进展, 最后分析了它们在血管/肿瘤/淋巴、多器官以及细胞层面的多重成像应用. 同时, 也展望了该新型成像模式在未来发展中的方向以及最终走向临床应用所面临的挑战.

关键词: 近红外二区, 荧光探针, 多重成像, 活体分析

Due to the low absorption and scattering effects as well as near-zero autofluorescence background noise, imaging in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II, 1000~1700 nm) shows deep penetration with a high resolution and signal-to-noise ratio in biological tissues, which makes it one of the promising optical imaging techniques for in vivo study, especially suitable for multiplexed and real-time analysis. In this review, we first discuss the properties and advantages of NIR-II bioimaging, including a division and evaluation of the different NIR-II sub-windows, which analyze the specific properties of each sub-window for various biological applications. Then, we outline the recent design and synthesis of NIR-II fluorescent probes, including rare earth-based nanoparticles, quantum dots, organic molecules, and other NIR-II materials. These materials are critically evaluated for their potential to enhance imaging performance and their specific suitability for different multiplexed imaging scenarios. This review also introduces the equipment used for NIR-II wide-field and microscopic imaging. Additionally, it introduces the two NIR-II multiplexed in vivo imaging modalities: emission multiplexing and excitation multiplexing. Subsequently, multiplexed imaging applications for blood vessel, tumor, lymphatic system, multi-organ, and cellular levels are highlighted, showcasing how these advances allow for more detailed, simultaneous observations of complex biological processes across different scales of biological organization. Such applications demonstrate the growing potential of NIR-II multiplexed imaging in providing new insights into disease mechanisms and in aiding the development of more targeted therapeutic strategies. Finally, dynamic multiplexed NIR-II imaging offers significant potential for advancing biomedical research and clinical applications by enabling deep-tissue, high-resolution imaging of multiple biological targets. However, current limitations in the availability and applicability of probes necessitate further development of efficient, long-wavelength probes and addressing challenges related to biological safety and clinical translation. As the technology advances, NIR-II imaging is expected to achieve breakthroughs in real-time dynamic multiplexed imaging and functional biosensing, paving the way for its integration into clinical applications.

Key words: second near-infrared window, fluorescent probes, multiplexed imaging, in vivo analysis