关键词: 植物修复, 重金属铀, 超积累植物, 筛选, 螯合剂

With development of the Nuclear industry, heavy metal uranium emissions and diffusion induced uranium contamination of surface soils, which have taken great impact on society and environment. There are some U-contaminated soils in the world, how to remedy U-contaminated soils become a interesting problem in recent years. Phytoremediation technology is a low-cost, safety and environment kindly alternative for the cleanup of U-contaminated soils. Screening of perfect hyperaccumulators is the basic and key for this technology. In this paper, simulation experiments were designed for 1.00×10² mg•kg^－1 U contaminated soil, nineteen plant speices were selected to remove U from the contaminated soils. The results indicated that Lactuca sativa L. can be chosen as uranium hyperaccumulator because its BFS (bioconcentration factors) and TFS (translocation factors) is more than 3 and U concentration in shoots reach 1.67×10³ mg•kg^－1. Ophiopogon japonicus cv, Phaseolus vulgaris L., Iris confusa Sealy and Chlorophytum comosum (Thunb.) as potential species for phytoextraction for U-contaminated soil through genetic engineering, joint-repairing or adding soil amendments would become uranium hyperaccumulators, which may be candidates for phytoremediator.

Key words: phytoremediation, heavy metal uranium, hyperaccumulators, screening, chelator