化学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 81 ›› Issue (12): 1701-1707.DOI: 10.6023/A23080374 上一篇    下一篇

研究论文

金属-有机骨架衍生的Co单原子高效催化硝基芳烃氢化还原

刘健a, 欧金花a,*(), 李泽平a, 蒋婧怡a, 梁荣涛a, 张文杰a, 刘开建a,*(), 韩瑜b,c,*()   

  1. a 湖南工学院 材料科学与工程学院 衡阳 421002
    b 大连理工大学 建设工程学部 大连 116024
    c 辽宁省建设科学研究院有限责任公司 沈阳 110005
  • 投稿日期:2023-08-10 发布日期:2023-12-01
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年项目(22202067); 湖南省自然科学基金项目(2023JJ30206); 湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(22A0620); 湖南省大学生创新创业项目(S202311528006); 湖南省大学生创新创业项目(S202311528102X); 湖湘青年科技创新人才项目(2020RC3055); 湖南工学院材料科学与工程学科开放课题项目(KFA23001)

Efficient Catalytic Hydrogenation of Nitroaromatic Using Cobalt Single-atom Derived from Metal-organic Framework

Jian Liua, Jinhua Oua(), Zeping Lia, jingyi Jianga, Rongtao Lianga, Wenjie Zhanga, kaijian Liua(), Yu Hanb,c()   

  1. a School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang 421002, China
    b Faculty of Infrastructure Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
    c Liaoning Province Building Science Research Institute Co. Ltd, Shenyang 110005, China
  • Received:2023-08-10 Published:2023-12-01
  • Contact: *E-mail: Oujinhua98@126.com;kjl1982@126.com;hanyu2010@mail.dlut.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(22202067); Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(2023JJ30206); Research Foundation of Education Bureau of Hunan Province, China(22A0620); National Students’ project for innovation and entrepreneurship training program(S202311528006); National Students’ project for innovation and entrepreneurship training program(S202311528102X); Hunan Young Scientific and Technological Innovative Talents(2020RC3055); Open Project Fund of Materials Science and Engineering of Hunan Institute of Technology(KFA23001)

芳香胺及其衍生物是药物、染料、除草剂等的重要原料或关键中间体, 开发高效、低成本、高选择性的硝基芳烃还原催化剂具有重要的现实意义. 以常见的沸石类咪唑骨架材料为模板, 原位热解制备了一种Co单原子催化剂(Co-N-C), 并以乙醇作溶剂, 水合肼作氢源, 实现了多种硝基芳烃的高效氢化还原. 该Co-N-C材料制备简单, 催化活性优异, 所催化的硝基芳烃还原体系反应条件温和, 官能团兼容性优异. 天然产物应用实验、克级扩大实验、循环实验和抗浸出实验证实了Co-N-C的高效性和还原体系的实用性. 另外, 通过反应过程检测, 提出了Co-N-C催化硝基芳烃直接还原和缩合还原的两种反应机理.

关键词: 单原子催化剂, Co-N-C, 硝基芳烃, 氢化还原

Aromatic amines and their derivatives are widely used as important active intermediates in drugs, dyes and herbicides. Therefore, the development of highly efficient, low-cost, and highly selective catalysts for the hydrogenation of nitroaromatic hydrocarbons is desirable. In this study, Zn-Co metal-organic framework (MOF) materials were synthesized with Zn2+/Co2+ as the metal source and 2-methylimidazole as an organic ligand at room temperature. Then, a Co catalyst (Co-N-C) was prepared by in-situ pyrolysis using the Zn-Co MOF as a sacrificial template under a nitrogen atmosphere. Aromatic nitro compounds can be selectively converted to the corresponding aromatic amines using ethanol as solvent, hydrazine hydrate as a hydrogen source, and Co-N-C as catalyst. The Co-N-C synthesized by pyrolysis at 1000 ℃ possesses the best catalytic activity. The effects of solvent and reaction time and the amount of Co-N-C, ethanol, and hydrazine hydrate on the catalytic system were investigated. The catalytic effect was the best when 5 mg Co-N-C, 4 mL ethanol, and 4 mmol hydrazine hydrate were added to the system, and the yield of aniline reached 100% after 10 h. Thirty-one different types of nitro-aromatic compounds, including ortho-, meta-, and para-substituted nitroaromatics with electron-donating or electron-withdrawing substituents, nitrobenzene derivatives with other reducible functional groups, and heterocyclic and polycyclic aromatic compounds, were obtained in high yields under this system, which has a wide substrate scope. In addition, the flutamide and nilutamide derivatives and aminoglutethimide were prepared in excellent yields using the Co-N-C catalytic system. The feasibility of the Co-N-C catalytic system was demonstrated using a gram-scale reaction. Cycling and anti-leaching experiments demonstrated that the Co-N-C material has excellent stability and anti-leaching properties, and acts as a reusable heterogeneous catalyst, which can be easily separated and collected by centrifugation. In addition, two reaction mechanisms of direct reduction and condensation reduction of nitro-aromatics using a Co-N-C catalyzed system were proposed by testing the reaction process. This research provides an efficient, simple, and green method for the hydrogenation reduction of nitroaromatics.

Key words: single-atom catalyst, Co-N-C, nitroaromatics, hydrogenation