有机化学 ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (8): 2406-2417.DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202203025 上一篇    下一篇

综述与进展

基于菁染料骨架的G-四链体DNA识别探针的研究进展

关丽*(), 毛永爆, 周艳艳, 冯潇雯, 付义乐   

  1. 西安建筑科技大学化学与化工学院 西安 710055
  • 收稿日期:2022-03-13 修回日期:2022-04-12 发布日期:2022-04-29
  • 通讯作者: 关丽
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年项目(21807086); 陕西省教育厅专项科研计划(19JK0476); 2021年陕西省“大创计划”(S202110703103)

Research Progress in Cyanine-Based Recognition Probes for G-Quadruplex DNA

Li Guan(), Yongbao Mao, Yanyan Zhou, Xiaowen Feng, Yile Fu   

  1. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055
  • Received:2022-03-13 Revised:2022-04-12 Published:2022-04-29
  • Contact: Li Guan
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(21807086); Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Provincial Department of Education(19JK0476); Shaanxi Provincial “Great Innovation Plan” Project in 2021(S202110703103)

富含鸟嘌呤(G)的DNA序列可形成一种特殊的核酸二级结构, 称为G-四链体DNA, 其广泛地分布于真核生物基因组, 与癌症的形成和发展关系密切. 以G-四链体为靶点的小分子荧光探针的开发, 对于研究G-四链体在生物体内的生物学功能及靶向抗癌药物具有重要的意义. 菁染料是一种应用广泛的生物标记用荧光染料, 具有修饰位点多及光谱范围可调等优点, 骨架内的刚性结构部分可通过π-π堆积、疏水作用等非共价键作用结合到G-四链体的末端或沟槽中, 诱导菁染料产生不同的光谱信号变化进而实现对G-四链体的选择性识别, 近年来成为G-四链体识别探针领域研究的热点. 综述了以菁染料为骨架的G-四链体DNA识别探针的研究进展, 并简要介绍了该类探针分子的分子设计和性能, 对探针与G-四链体DNA的亲和性和选择性等方面进行了评述, 最后展望了该类G-四链体识别探针的研究和发展方向.

关键词: 菁染料, G-四链体DNA, 识别探针, 分子设计

Guanine-rich (G) DNA sequences can form a special nucleic acid secondary structure called G-quadruplex DNA, which is widely distributed in eukaryotic genomes and is closely associated with the formation and development of cancer. The development of small molecule fluorescent probes targeting G-quadruplexes is of great significance for the study of the biological functions of G-quadruplexes in organisms and for targeting anti-cancer drugs. The cyanine dyes are widely used as fluorescent dyes for biolabelling, with the advantages of multiple modification sites and adjustable spectral range. The rigid structural part of the backbone can be bound to the end of the G-quadruplex or groove through π-π stacking, hydrophobic interaction and other non-covalent bonding, inducing different spectral signal changes of cyanine dyes to achieve selective recognition of the G-quadruplex. This has become a hot topic of research in the field of G-quadruplex recognition in recent years. Herein, the research progresses in the field of G‑quadruplex recognition probes based on cyanine dye are reviewed. Molecular design and propertis of this kind of probes are briefly introduced, and the affinity and selectivity of probes for G-quadruplex DNA are also commented. Moreover, the future trends of cyanine-based recognition probes for G‑quadruplex are briefly introduced.

Key words: cyanine dye, G-quadruplex DNA, recognition probe, molecular design