有机化学 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (8): 3123-3138.DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202604010 上一篇    下一篇

研究论文

白桦脂酸-三氮唑杂化物作为新型蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶1B抑制剂的合成与生物活性评价

张玉飞a,b,, 谭丽容a,, 钟月圆a,, 刘同征a,*(), 王少华b,*()   

  1. a 暨南大学药学院 广州 511436
    b 兰州大学药学院 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2026-04-07 修回日期:2026-05-13 发布日期:2026-05-27
  • 通讯作者: 刘同征, 王少华
  • 作者简介:

    共同第一作者

  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2023YFA1506404); 甘肃省科技计划(23ZDFA003); 甘肃省科技计划(23JRRA1028); 甘肃省科技计划(23ZDFA015); 甘肃省科技计划(24ZD13FA017); 兰州市科技计划(2023-QN-18); 兰州市科技计划(2023-1-17); 兰州市科技计划(2024-1-17)

Synthesis and Bioactivity Evaluation of Betulinic Acid-Triazole Hybrids as Novel Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B Inhibitors

Yufei Zhanga,b, Lirong Tana, Yueyuan Zhonga, Tongzheng Liua,*(), Shaohua Wangb,*()   

  1. a College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511436
    b School of Pharmacy, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000
  • Received:2026-04-07 Revised:2026-05-13 Published:2026-05-27
  • Contact: Tongzheng Liu, Shaohua Wang
  • About author:

    These authors contributed equally to this work

  • Supported by:
    National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFA1506404); Science and Technology Program of Gansu Province(23ZDFA003); Science and Technology Program of Gansu Province(23JRRA1028); Science and Technology Program of Gansu Province(23ZDFA015); Science and Technology Program of Gansu Province(24ZD13FA017); Lanzhou Science and Technology Planning Project(2023-QN-18); Lanzhou Science and Technology Planning Project(2023-1-17); Lanzhou Science and Technology Planning Project(2024-1-17)

蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶1B (PTP1B)是胰岛素和瘦素信号通路的关键负调控因子, 已成为2型糖尿病(T2DM)的潜在治疗靶点. 抑制PTP1B可增强胰岛素敏感性, 为管理糖尿病和肥胖提供了一种潜在的策略. 在这项研究中, 35个白桦脂酸-三氮唑杂环化合物被合成, 并评估了他们的PTP1B抑制活性. 所合成的白桦脂酸(BA)杂环化合物均表现出明显高于母体BA的PTP1B抑制活性. 值得注意的是, (1R,3aS,5aR,5bR,9S,11aR)-5a,5b,8,8,11a-五甲基-9-(2-((5-甲基-4-(((E)- 4-(三氟甲基)亚苄基)氨基)-4H-1,2,4-三唑-3-基)硫代)乙酰氧基)-1-(丙-1-烯-2-基)二十氢-3aH-环戊[a]䓛-3a-羧酸(BAT28)表现出最强的活性, IC50值为(1.06±0.06) μmol/L. 动力学分析表明, BAT28是一种混合型PTP1B抑制剂. CD光谱表明, BAT28与PTP1B结合并诱导酶的构象变化. 分子对接研究进一步证实, BAT28与PTP1B的活性位点相互作用. 使用口服葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)的体内实验表明, BAT28有效地降低了小鼠的餐后血糖水平. 此外, 药物代谢动力学(ADME)结果显示BAT28类药性良好. 上述结果提示, BAT28可作为有前景的先导化合物, 用于新型PTP1B抑制剂的开发.

关键词: 白桦脂酸, 三氮唑, 蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶1B (PTP1B), 抑制剂

Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is a key negative regulator of insulin and leptin signaling pathways and has emerged as a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Inhibition of PTP1B enhances insulin sensitivity and offers a potential strategy for managing both diabetes and obesity. In this study, 35 betulinic acid (BA)-triazole hybrids were synthesized and evaluated for their PTP1B inhibitory activities. All synthesized BA hybrids exhibited significantly higher PTP1B inhibitory activity than parent compound BA. Notably, (1R, 3aS, 5aR, 5bR, 9S, 11aR)-5a, 5b, 8, 8, 11a-pentamethyl-9-(2-((5-methyl-4-(((E)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzylidene)amino)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)thio)acetoxy)-1-(prop-1-en-2-yl)icosahydro-3aH-cyclopenta[a]chrysene-3a-carboxylic acid (BAT28) demonstrated the most potent activity, with an IC50 value of (1.06±0.06) μmol/L. Kinetic analysis revealed that BAT28 acted as a mixed-type PTP1B inhibitor. CD spectra indicated that BAT28 bound to PTP1B and induced conformation changes in the enzyme. Molecular docking studies further confirmed that BAT28 interacted with the active site of PTP1B. In vivo experiments using an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) showed that BAT28 effectively reduced postprandial blood glucose levels in mice. Additionally, BAT28 exhibited favorable drug-like properties based on in silico predictions. These findings suggested that BAT28 represented a promising lead compound for the development of novel PTP1B inhibitors.

Key words: betulinic acid, triazole, protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), inhibitor