有机化学 ›› 2004, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (8): 916-922. 上一篇    下一篇

研究论文

α-氨基腈的阳极氰化合成反应研究

赵萍a, 尹应武*,a,b   

  1. a清华大学化学系 北京 100084
    b清华紫光英力化工技术有限责任公司 北京 100084
  • 收稿日期:2003-05-08 修回日期:2003-12-05 接受日期:2004-03-04 发布日期:2022-09-20
  • 通讯作者: * E-mail: ywy@mail.insight.net.cn; Fax: 010-62793514.
  • 基金资助:
    清华紫光英力化工技术有限责任公司资助项目.

Studies on the Anodic Cyanation Reaction to Synthesize α-Aminonitriles

ZHAO Pinga, YIN Ying-Wu*,a,b   

  1. aDepartment of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
    bBeijing TH-UNIS Insight Co., Ltd. Beijing 100084
  • Received:2003-05-08 Revised:2003-12-05 Accepted:2004-03-04 Published:2022-09-20

通过阳极氰化N-苄基哌啶合成具有六元环结构的α-氨基腈.研究发现恒电流条件下使用小电流、CH3OH/H2O或CH3CN/H2O作为溶剂、Et4NOTs或Et4NBr等季铵盐作为表面活性剂均可以获得较好的结果.石墨作为阳极材料可获得与铂类似的实验结果.在0.9~1.4 V (vs. SCE)、较低温度、较低的底物浓度的恒电位电解条件下,可获得较高收率(>90%)的α-氨基腈.根据以上结果分析了反应的机理并解释了α-氨基腈的异构体数量决定于中间体在电极表面的吸附状态.

关键词: 阳极氰化, 电解, N-苄基哌啶, α-氨基腈

Six-membered cyclic α-aminonitriles were prepared fromanodic cyanation of N-benzylpiperidine. Low current, CH3OH/H2O and CH3CN/H2O used as solvent, tetraammonia salt such as Et4NOTs and Et4NBr used as surfactant are propitious to the reaction under constant current electrolysis. Graphite as anode can give the similar result to platinum. The potentiostatelectrolytic condition of 0.9~1.4 V (vs. SCE), low temperature and low substrate concentration offered good yields (above 90%) of α-aminonitriles. Themechanism of the reaction was studied and the amount of isomers was depended onthe adsorption status at the anode surface and stability of intermediate was also studied under potentiostat electrolysis.

Key words: anodic cyanation, electrolysis, N-benzylpiperidine, α-aminonitrile