Research Progress of Heterometallic Complexes with Aluminum-Metal Bonds Based on Nitrogen-Containing Ligands

doi:10.6023/cjoc202601019

Abstract

In recent years, the chemistry of heterometallic complexes with metal-metal bonds has become one of the frontier fields in organometallic chemistry. A series of ligand-stabilized complexes featuring metal-metal bonds have been successively reported, which exhibit unique electronic structures and showcase their special potential application in small molecule activation and catalysis. Proceeding with the study of novel metal-metal bonded complexes is of significant importance in further expanding our understanding of the nature of chemical bonds and revealing the mechanisms of heterometallic synergistic effects between different metals. Based on the progress in this aera, the developed heterometallic complexes containing aluminum-metal bonds are reviewed in this paper according to different synthetic strategies. This review mainly elaborates on the efficient strategies to construct heterometallic complexes with aluminum-metal bonds based on nitrogen-containing ligands and also their characteristics and reactivities. Finally, the future developments and applications in this field are also prospected.

Key words: metal-metal bond, heterometallic complex, aluminum complex, nitrogen-containing ligand, reactivity

Cite this article

Xiong Sun, Yu Guan, Haoran Chen. Research Progress of Heterometallic Complexes with Aluminum-Metal Bonds Based on Nitrogen-Containing Ligands[J]. Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2026, 46(8): 3025-3052.

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Fig. & Tab. 59

Scheme 1. Synthesis of complex 2

Scheme 2. Synthesis of complexes 3 and 4

Scheme 3. Synthesis and reactivity of complex 5

Scheme 4. Synthesis of β-diketimine-stabilized Al—M bond complex

Scheme 5. Synthesis of complex 12

Scheme 6. Synthesis of complex 14

Scheme 7. Synthesis of Al-first-row transition metal bond complexes

Scheme 8. Synthesis and reactivity of complex 22

Scheme 9. Synthesis and reactivity of complexes 29, 30 and 32

Scheme 10. Synthesis of complexes 37 and 38

Scheme 11. Synthesis of complex 40

Scheme 12. Synthesis of complex 42

Scheme 13. Synthesis of complexes with Al—Fe and Al—Mn bond

Scheme 14. Synthesis and reactivity of complex 51

Scheme 15. Reactivity of complex 51

Scheme 16. Synthesis and reactivity of complex 63

Scheme 17. Synthesis of complexes containing Al—Fe bonds

Scheme 18. Synthesis of complex 73

Scheme 19. Synthesis and reactivity of complex 74 and 75

Scheme 20. Synthesis and reactivity of complex 79

Scheme 21. Synthesis of complexes 81, 82 and 83

Scheme 22. Reactivity of complexes 81 and 82

Scheme 23. Synthesis and reactivity of complex 91

Scheme 24. Synthesis of complex 95

Scheme 25. Synthesis and reactivity of complexes 98 and 99

Scheme 26. Synthesis and reactivity of complexes 102 and 103

Scheme 27. Synthesis and reactivity of Al-group 1 metal complexes

Scheme 28. Synthesis and reactivity of complexes 119 and 120

Scheme 29. Synthesis and reactivity of complex 126

Scheme 30. Synthesis and reactivity of complex 128

Scheme 31. Synthesis and reactivity of complexes 136 and 137

Scheme 32. Synthesis and reactivity of complex 141

Scheme 33. Synthesis and reactivity of complex 149

Scheme 34. Synthesis and reactivity of complex 155

Scheme 35. Examples of different types of N-P ligands

Scheme 36. Synthesis of complexes 163, 164 and 165

Scheme 37. Synthesis and reactivity of complexes 166 and 167

Scheme 38. Synthesis of complexes 168 and 169

Scheme 39. Synthesis of complexes 170, 171 and 172

Scheme 40. Synthesis and reactivity of complex 174

Scheme 41. Synthesis and reactivity of complex 183

Scheme 42. Synthesis and reactivity of complex 188

Scheme 43. Synthesis and reactivity of complex 191

Scheme 44. Synthesis and reactivity of complex 194

Scheme 45. Reactivity of complex 191

Scheme 46. Synthesis and reactivity of complex 196

Scheme 47. Synthesis and reactivity of complexes 200 and 203

Scheme 48. Synthesis and reactivity of complexes with Al—Rh/Ir bonds

Scheme 49. Synthesis and reactivity of complex 216

Scheme 50. Synthesis and reactivity of complex 226

Scheme 51. Synthesis and reactivity of complexes 233 and 234

Scheme 52. Synthesis of complexes 239 and 240

Scheme 53. Synthesis and reactivity of complexes 241 and 242

Scheme 54. Synthesis and reactivity of complex 244

Scheme 55. Synthesis and reactivity of complexes 247 and 248

Scheme 56. Reactivity of complexes 247 and 248 with heteroallenes

Scheme 57. Synthesis and reactivity of complex 258

Scheme 58. C—H activation of alkenes with complex 258a

Scheme 59. Reactivity of complexes 258a, 267a and 267b with small molecules

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