A Strategy of Cyclic Extraction Coupled with Electrolysis for Green Synthesis of High-Concentration Hydroquinone

doi:10.6023/cjoc202504016

Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (12): 4384-4389.DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202504016 Previous Articles Next Articles

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循环萃取耦合电解策略绿色合成高浓度对苯二酚

夏泽豪, 张新胜, 钮东方^*()

华东理工大学化工学院上海 200237

收稿日期:2025-04-15 修回日期:2025-06-12 发布日期:2025-07-25
通讯作者: 钮东方
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(21972042)

A Strategy of Cyclic Extraction Coupled with Electrolysis for Green Synthesis of High-Concentration Hydroquinone

Zehao Xia, Xinsheng Zhang, Dongfang Niu^*()

School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237

Received:2025-04-15 Revised:2025-06-12 Published:2025-07-25
Contact: Dongfang Niu
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(21972042)

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Abstract

A cyclic extraction-coupled electrolysis strategy was developed for the green synthesis of high-concentration hydroquinone (HQ). p-Benzoquinone (BQ) was first generated via anodic oxidation of phenol, subsequently extracted by chlorobenzene, and finally reduced at the cathode. Under the optimized electrolytic parameters, the total yield of hydroquinone was 68.03%. Chlorobenzene, as the extractant, could balance the efficient separation of p-benzoquinone and the recyclability of the electrolyte. After the anode liquid was recycled 5 times, the yield of p-benzoquinone remained at about 73%, and after the cathode liquid was recycled 4 times, the concentration of hydroquinone increased by 4.6 times. It increased from 4.68 g/L to 21.51 g/L. This method ensures the recyclability of both anodic and cathodic electrolytes while achieving a high hydro- quinone concentration, thereby offering an industrially feasible approach for the green synthesis of hydroquinone.

Key words: electrochemical oxidation of phenol, high-concentration hydroquinone, cyclic extraction, electrolyte recycling

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Zehao Xia, Xinsheng Zhang, Dongfang Niu. A Strategy of Cyclic Extraction Coupled with Electrolysis for Green Synthesis of High-Concentration Hydroquinone[J]. Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2025, 45(12): 4384-4389.

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Fig. & Tab. 8

Scheme 1. Electrochemical synthesis of high-concentration hy- droquinone

Figure 1. Extraction efficiency of different extractants for p-benzoquinone

Figure 2. Effect of chlorobenzene dosage on extraction efficiency

Figure 3. Effect of electrical charge on the yield and current efficiency of p-benzoquinone

Electricity quantity/(F•mol^－1)	Yield_HQ^b/%	EF_HQ^c/%
3.0	93.67	61.95
3.8	96.76	52.36
4.5	96.63	44.24

Table 1. Effect of electrical charge on the yield and current efficiency of hydroquinone

Scheme 2. Reaction pathway for the electrosynthesis of hydroquinone from phenol

Figure 4. Effect of anolyte recycling times on the yield of p-benzoquinone

Figure 5. Effect of catholyte recycling times on the extraction efficiency of p-benzoquinone and hydroquinone concentration

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循环萃取耦合电解策略绿色合成高浓度对苯二酚

A Strategy of Cyclic Extraction Coupled with Electrolysis for Green Synthesis of High-Concentration Hydroquinone

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