黄酮苷的合成研究进展

doi:10.6023/cjoc201811002

摘要/Abstract

黄酮苷广泛存在于自然界植物，具有广泛的药理活性和潜在的药用价值，其合成方法值得研究，对2014年至2018年黄酮苷的合成进行综述.黄酮苷的合成主要包括化学合成和生物合成两大类，而化学合成又分为全合成和半合成，其中全合成主要有β-丙二酮酸化关环法（Baker-Venkataraman，BK-VK法）和查尔酮氧化关环法（Algar-Flynn-Oyamada，AFO法）两种经典方法；半合成是以芦丁、槲皮素、山萘酚、柚皮素等天然黄酮为原料.黄酮氧苷的化学合成目前常用的方法有三种：Koening-Knorr法、相转移催化法、糖基三氯乙酰亚胺酯法.黄酮碳苷的糖苷链的连接主要是通过O→C重排法.酶催化生物合成法目前常用的酶是糖基转移酶和糖苷合酶这两种酶.

关键词: 黄酮苷, 合成, 苷元, 糖苷缩合, 综述

Flavonoid glycoside is commonly found in natural plants, possesses diverse bioactivities and potential medicinal values, and its synthesis methods are worthy to be studied. The synthesis of flavonoid glycosides covering the literatures from 2014 to 2018 is reviewed. The flavonoid glycoside synthesis includes two major methods of chemosynthesis and biosynthesis. Chemosynthesis includes total synthesis and semi-synthesis. The total synthesis has two classical methods of the Baker- Venkataraman (BK-VK) reaction and the Algar-Flynn-Oyamada (AFO) reaction. The semi-synthesis is usually starting from natural flavonoid, such as rutin, quercetin, kaempferol, naringenin and so on. Moreover, the chemosynthesis of flavonoid O-glucoside has three prime methods, Koening-Knorr method, phase transfer catalysis method, and glycosyl trichloroacetimidate method. As for the chemosynthesis of flavonoid C-glycoside, its glycosidic linkage is mainly completed via the O→C rearrangement reaction. Currently, the glycosyltransferase and glycosynthase are usually employed in the enzyme-catalyzed biosynthesis of flavonoid glycosides.

Key words: flavonoid glycosides, synthesis, flavonoid aglycones, condensation of glycosides, review

引用此文

徐焕基, 李哲明, 吴云秋, 罗迪, 邱莉, 谢集照, 李雪华. 黄酮苷的合成研究进展[J]. 有机化学, 2019, 39(7): 1875-1890.

Xu Huanji, Li Zheming, Wu Yunqiu, Luo Di, Qiu Li, Xie Jizhao, Li Xuehua. Advances on Synthesis of Flavonoid Glycosides[J]. Chin. J. Org. Chem., 2019, 39(7): 1875-1890.

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