用于织物显示器件的高性能银纳米线/热塑性聚氨酯透明导电纤维★

doi:10.6023/A25060227

化学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 83 ›› Issue (10): 1142-1149.DOI: 10.6023/A25060227 上一篇下一篇

研究论文

用于织物显示器件的高性能银纳米线/热塑性聚氨酯透明导电纤维^★

陆宇韬, 郑园园, 张一弛, 周子豪, 吴景霞^*(), 彭慧胜, 陈培宁^*()

复旦大学高分子科学系聚合物分子工程全国重点实验室纤维电子材料与器件研究院先进材料实验室上海 200438

投稿日期:2025-06-17 发布日期:2025-08-20
通讯作者: 吴景霞, 陈培宁
作者简介:
^★ “中国青年化学家”专辑.
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2022YFA1203001); 国家重点研发计划(2022YFA1203002); 国家自然科学基金(T2222005); 国家自然科学基金(22175042); 国家自然科学基金(T2321003); 国家自然科学基金(52403318); 上海市自然科学基金(21511104900)

High-Performance TPU@AgNWs Transparent Conductive Fiber for Textile Displays^★

Yutao Lu, Yuanyuan Zheng, Yichi Zhang, Zihao Zhou, Jingxia Wu^*(), Huisheng Peng, Peining Chen^*()

State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Institute of Fiber Materials and Devices, and Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438

Received:2025-06-17 Published:2025-08-20
Contact: Jingxia Wu, Peining Chen
About author:
^★ For the VSI “Rising Stars in Chemistry”.
Supported by:
National Key Research and Development Program(2022YFA1203001); National Key Research and Development Program(2022YFA1203002); National Natural Science Foundation of China(T2222005); National Natural Science Foundation of China(22175042); National Natural Science Foundation of China(T2321003); National Natural Science Foundation of China(52403318); Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(21511104900)

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摘要/Abstract

透明导电纤维是构建织物显示器件的核心组成部分, 目前其主要通过在高分子基体中掺杂导电的离子液体进行制备, 但其导电性较低, 难以有效满足应用需求. 将银纳米线涂覆在空气等离子体处理后的热塑性聚氨酯纤维表面, 得到了一种具有高导电性和高透明性的柔性透明导电纤维. 在等离子体处理后, 聚氨酯纤维表面接枝了大量亲水基团, 并与银纳米线表面所包覆的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮形成氢键作用, 促进银纳米线膜层牢固地粘附于聚氨酯纤维表面. 该透明导电纤维的电导率可达到10 S•cm^-1, 较基于离子液体/聚氨酯的导电纤维提高1000倍, 其透光率超过75%, 在空气中放置14 d及弯折10万次后, 电导率仍能维持初始值的90%以上. 将该透明导电纤维编织构建成织物显示器件, 其发光亮度可达208 cd•m^-2, 且具有良好的耐水洗和耐摩擦性能.

关键词: 透明导电纤维, 织物显示器件, 银纳米线, 热塑性聚氨酯, 等离子体

Transparent conductive fiber is an indispensable part of textile displays. The predominant strategy for fabricating transparent conductive fiber involves doping ionic liquid into polymer matrix. However, low conductivity of ionic liquid renders the fiber inadequate for practical application. Herein, we developed a flexible transparent conductive fiber exhibiting high conductivity, and high transparency by coating Ag nanowires (AgNWs) onto thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) fibers treated with air plasma. The specific synthesis processes are as follows: TPU fiber was cleaned in an ultrasonic bath using ethanol and deionized water respectively for 5 min each. The cleaned TPU fiber was treated by air plasma at 150 W for 3 min. The obtained fiber was then dip-coated in 2 mg•mL^-1 AgNWs ethanol dispersion for 1 min and dried in air for 5 min. After repeating 3 times of dip-coating process, the TPU@AgNWs transparent conductive fiber was prepared. The hydrophobicity of TPU impedes uniform adhesion and morphological stability of directly applied hydrophilic AgNWs conductive coatings on TPU fibers. Following plasma treatment, abundant hydrophilic groups are uniformly introduced onto TPU fiber surface. Water contact angle diminishes with the extended time of plasma treatment, verifies the hydrophilicity improvement of TPU fiber. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) reveals increasing C—O/C—N and N—O bond contributions derived of hydrophilic groups. These groups form hydrogen bonds with the polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) coating on the AgNWs, resulting in a strong and uniform adhesion of the AgNWs layer to the TPU fiber substrate. The transparent conductive fiber achieves a conductivity of 10 S•cm⁻¹, which is 1000 times of the TPU@ionic liquid fiber, combined with a transparency exceeding 75%. After 14 d of ambient storage and 100,000 bending cycles, it retains over 90% of its initial conductivity. The as-prepared TPU@AgNWs transparent conductive fibers were weaved into a textile with luminescent fiber electrodes (a copper fiber successively coated BaTiO₃ dielectric layer, ZnS phosphor layer and polyurethane encapsulation layer) by an industrial rapier loom to prepare a textile display. The TPU@AgNWs transparent conductive fibers enable display luminance reaching 208 cd•m^-2, along with excellent washability and abrasion resistance.

Key words: transparent conductive fiber, textile display, Ag nanowire, thermoplastic polyurethane, plasma treatment

引用此文

陆宇韬, 郑园园, 张一弛, 周子豪, 吴景霞, 彭慧胜, 陈培宁. 用于织物显示器件的高性能银纳米线/热塑性聚氨酯透明导电纤维^★[J]. 化学学报, 2025, 83(10): 1142-1149.

Yutao Lu, Yuanyuan Zheng, Yichi Zhang, Zihao Zhou, Jingxia Wu, Huisheng Peng, Peining Chen. High-Performance TPU@AgNWs Transparent Conductive Fiber for Textile Displays^★[J]. Acta Chimica Sinica, 2025, 83(10): 1142-1149.

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图/表 9

图1. TPU@AgNWs TCF制备流程示意图: (a)空气等离子体处理的TPU纤维; (b)表面被PVP包覆的AgNWs; (c)浸涂AgNWs后的TPU纤维

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of TPU@AgNWs TCF preparation: (a) TPU fiber treated by air plasma; (b) Ag nanowires covered by PVP; (c) TPU fiber coating with Ag nanowires

图2. (a)未处理的TPU薄膜以及等离子体处理(b) 1 min, (c) 2 min, (d) 3 min, (e) 4 min和(f) 5 min的TPU薄膜水接触角的变化

Figure 2. Variations of the contact angle of (a) the untreated TPU film and TPU film treated by air plasma for (b) 1 min, (c) 2 min, (d) 3 min, (e) 4 min, (f) 5 min

图3. 等离子体(a)处理前, (b)处理1 min, (c)处理2 min及(d)处理5 min的TPU薄膜的XPS谱图

Figure 3. XPS spectra of (a) untreated TPU film, and TPU film treated with plasma for (b) 1 min, (c) 2 min and (d) 5 min

	C 1s			N 1s		O 1s
	C=O	C—O/C—N	C—C/C—H	N—COO	N—O	C—O	C=O/C—OH	N—O
Untreated TPU	9.03%	14.43%	76.54%	100%	—	35.83%	64.17%	—
1 min	8.02%	18.52%	73.46%	58.29%	41.71%	24.02%	70.91%	5.07%
2 min	7.23%	28.98%	63.79%	39.63%	60.37%	69.57%	23.05%	7.38%
5 min	6.61%	26.83%	66.55%	34.27%	65.73%	73.30%	18.10%	8.60%

表1. 未处理的TPU和等离子体处理1, 2, 5 min后的TPU各基团依据峰面积的相对组成比例

Table 1. Relative composition ratio based on the area of each peak for the untreated TPU and TPU treated by plasma for 1, 2, 5 min

图4. TPU@AgNWs TCF的(a)数码照片和(b)显微镜照片

Figure 4. (a) Photograph and (b) microscope image of TPU@AgNWs TCF

图5. 不同AgNWs浸涂次数的TPU@AgNWs TCF的(a)直径、(b)电导率和(c)透光率变化曲线

Figure 5. Variation of (a) diameter, (b) conductivity and (c) transparency of TPU@AgNWs TCF after varied dip-coating times of AgNWs dispersion

图6. TPU@AgNWs TCF在(a)在空气中放置14 d和(b)弯折10万次后的电导率变化曲线

Figure 6. Variation of conductivity of TPU@AgNWs TCF after (a) exposing to air for 14 d and (b) bending for 100,000 times

图7. (a)织物显示器件的结构示意图及(b)施加交流电压后织物显示器件的数码照片

Figure 7. (a) Schematic diagram of the structure of electroluminescent textile and (b) photograph of electroluminescent textile when the alternating voltage is applied

图8. (a)织物显示器件在不同交流电压和频率下的亮度变化曲线以及(b)织物显示器件在10万次干摩擦循环和10次工业水洗后的相对亮度变化曲线

Figure 8. (a) Variation of luminance of electroluminescent textile under varied voltage and frequency and (b) variation of luminance after 100,000 times of friction and 10 times of industrial washing

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用于织物显示器件的高性能银纳米线/热塑性聚氨酯透明导电纤维^★

High-Performance TPU@AgNWs Transparent Conductive Fiber for Textile Displays^★

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用于织物显示器件的高性能银纳米线/热塑性聚氨酯透明导电纤维★

High-Performance TPU@AgNWs Transparent Conductive Fiber for Textile Displays★

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用于织物显示器件的高性能银纳米线/热塑性聚氨酯透明导电纤维^★

High-Performance TPU@AgNWs Transparent Conductive Fiber for Textile Displays^★