Application of Biosensors in the Detection of SARS-CoV-2

doi:10.6023/A22120483

Acta Chimica Sinica ›› 2023, Vol. 81 ›› Issue (3): 253-263.DOI: 10.6023/A22120483 Previous Articles Next Articles

Review

生物传感器在新冠病毒检测中的应用

朱子煜, 梁阿新, 浩天瑞霖, 唐珊珊, 刘淼, 解炳腾, 罗爱芹^*()

北京理工大学生命学院分子医学与生物诊疗工业和信息化部重点实验室北京 100081

投稿日期:2022-12-03 发布日期:2023-02-15

作者简介:

朱子煜, 北京理工大学生命学院2021级生物学专业硕士研究生. 2021年进入北京理工大学生命学院罗爱芹教授课题组进行研究生阶段学习. 目前主要从事面向新冠病毒快速检测的生物传感技术研究.

梁阿新, 博士, 北京理工大学生命学院助理研究员, 2021年于北京理工大学获得理学博士学位. 主要从事电化学生物传感器构建、纳米多孔材料制备与微纳加工的研究. 先后在国际高水平期刊发表SCI论文14篇, 以第一发明人申请国家发明专利4项(已授权2项).

浩天瑞霖, 北京理工大学生命学院2021级生物学专业硕士研究生. 2021年进入北京理工大学生命学院罗爱芹教授课题组进行研究生阶段学习. 目前主要从事基于COFs的电化学生物传感器的研究.

唐珊珊,北京理工大学生命学院2019级生物医学工程专业博士研究生. 2019年进入北京理工大学生命学院罗爱芹教授课题组进行博士研究生阶段学习. 目前主要从事基于电化学生物传感器应用与疾病标志物同时检测的研究.

刘淼, 北京理工大学生命学院2020级生物学专业博士研究生. 2020年进入北京理工大学生命学院罗爱芹教授课题组进行博士研究生阶段学习. 目前主要从事分子印迹电化学传感器的制备及其在心脑血管疾病生物标志物中的应用研究.

解炳腾, 博士, 生命学院助理教授. 目前的研究方向为解析肿瘤发生机制, 筛选新的抗癌靶点, 构建新型疾病标志物传感器. 获得国家自然科学基金、国家重点研发计划、中国博士后基金资助. 现已在Cell Research, Science Advances, Cancer Research等杂志发表SCI论文30余篇, 申请国家发明专利2项.

罗爱芹, 北京理工大学生命学院院长, 教授, 博士生导师, 工业和信息化部分子医学与生物诊疗重点实验室主任. 主要研究方向为分子识别与生物传感、生物医学分析与检测研究. 主持或承担项目20余项, 包括国家自然科学基金面上和重点项目、部委重点基础研究项目、部委重大专项、国际合作基金等.

^†共同第一作者

基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2019YFA0904104)

Application of Biosensors in the Detection of SARS-CoV-2

Ziyu Zhu, Axin Liang, Ruilin Haotian, Shanshan Tang, Miao Liu, Bingteng Xie, Aiqin Luo()

Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081

Received:2022-12-03 Published:2023-02-15
Contact: *E-mail: aqluobit@163.com
About author:
^†These authors contributed equally to this work
Supported by:
National Key Research & Development Program of China(2019YFA0904104)

Since the outbreak of COVID-19, it is becoming important to screen SARS-CoV-2 with high accuracy, high efficiency, and rapidness, for epidemic prevention and control. Conventional detection technologies can not satisfy the requirements of examining massive people in a very short time. Biosensor technology, with the advantages of high sensitivity, good selectivity, low cost, easy miniaturization, and short detection time, is being used to develop real-time detection equipment, thus as a potential alternative for real-time detection of SARS-CoV-2 in clinical diagnosis. In the present study, the authors summarized the construction methods and principles for optical biosensors, electrochemical biosensors, wearable biosensors, magnetic biosensors, gold nanoparticle biosensors, and aptamer biosensors, followed by the introduction of the current application of multiple biosensors in SARS-CoV-2 detection. Conclusively, the technical bottlenecks and future development trends of biosensors in SARS-CoV-2 detection are proposed.

Key words: SARS-CoV-2, biosensor, detection

Cite this article

Ziyu Zhu, Axin Liang, Ruilin Haotian, Shanshan Tang, Miao Liu, Bingteng Xie, Aiqin Luo. Application of Biosensors in the Detection of SARS-CoV-2[J]. Acta Chimica Sinica, 2023, 81(3): 253-263.

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Techique	Apparatus	Time required	Sensitivity	Detection limit	Detection range	参考文献
Chest CT scan	CT machine	—	97%, 25%	—		[30]
RT-PCR	PCR apparatus	4 h	71%	—		[31]
MNPs with RT-PCR	PCR apparatus	Around 30 min	—	10 copies		[32]
Colorimetric assay	Water bath	30 min	97.6%	60 copies per μL	60~1000 copies per μL	[33]
ELISA reder	ELISA machine	2 h	87.3%	—		[34]
Plasmonic biosensor	Dual-functional LSPR System	—	3.7 RNA copies	0.1 fmol/L	0.1~10 fmol/L	[35]
Electrochemical biosensor	Electrochemical work station	Few min	0.21 fmol/L	0.63 fmol/L	0.63 fmol/L~ 1 μmol/L	[36]
Field-effect transistor- based biosensor	Semiconductor analyzer	—	—	2.42×10² copies/mL		[37]

Techique	Apparatus	Time required	Sensitivity	Detection limit	Detection range	参考文献
Chest CT scan	CT machine	—	97%, 25%	—		[30]
RT-PCR	PCR apparatus	4 h	71%	—		[31]
MNPs with RT-PCR	PCR apparatus	Around 30 min	—	10 copies		[32]
Colorimetric assay	Water bath	30 min	97.6%	60 copies per μL	60~1000 copies per μL	[33]
ELISA reder	ELISA machine	2 h	87.3%	—		[34]
Plasmonic biosensor	Dual-functional LSPR System	—	3.7 RNA copies	0.1 fmol/L	0.1~10 fmol/L	[35]
Electrochemical biosensor	Electrochemical work station	Few min	0.21 fmol/L	0.63 fmol/L	0.63 fmol/L~ 1 μmol/L	[36]
Field-effect transistor- based biosensor	Semiconductor analyzer	—	—	2.42×10² copies/mL		[37]

Biomarker	Property	Recognition element (probe)	Detecting mechanism	参考文献
RNA	N gene gRNA	CRISPR-Cas12	Complementary interaction of genes	[63]
	E gene	Aptamer	—	[64]
	RdRp/Helicase (Hel)	Complementary DNA/RNA		[65]
Whole virus and Proteins	Receptor binding domain (RBD)	Antibody	Conformational recognition	[66]
	Spike protein 1 (S1)	Aptamer	Protein-protein interaction	[67]
	Spike protein 2 (S2)	—	Protein-aptamer interaction	[68]
	N proteins	—	—	[69]
Antibody	IgM antibody	S proteins	Protein-antibody interaction	[70]
	IgG antibody	N proteins	Antigen-specific antibody response	[71]
	Neutralizing antibodies:SNAb, REGN-COV2, S309	The receptor-binding domain (RBD)	—	[72]

Biomarker	Property	Recognition element (probe)	Detecting mechanism	参考文献
RNA	N gene gRNA	CRISPR-Cas12	Complementary interaction of genes	[63]
	E gene	Aptamer	—	[64]
	RdRp/Helicase (Hel)	Complementary DNA/RNA		[65]
Whole virus and Proteins	Receptor binding domain (RBD)	Antibody	Conformational recognition	[66]
	Spike protein 1 (S1)	Aptamer	Protein-protein interaction	[67]
	Spike protein 2 (S2)	—	Protein-aptamer interaction	[68]
	N proteins	—	—	[69]
Antibody	IgM antibody	S proteins	Protein-antibody interaction	[70]
	IgG antibody	N proteins	Antigen-specific antibody response	[71]
	Neutralizing antibodies:SNAb, REGN-COV2, S309	The receptor-binding domain (RBD)	—	[72]

Material	Detecting technology	Object	Sample	Required time	Lower detection limit	参考文献
Au nanoparticles	Electrochemical biosensors	RNA	Nasal/throat solution	5 min	6.9 copies/μL	[105]
	Electrochemical biosensors	Antibodies	Serum	30 min		[106]
	Colorimetric biosensors	RNA	N/A	>45 min	160 fmol/L	[107]
Macro/ nanostructure Au substrate, Au nanoparticles	SERS-based biosensors	Virus particles	Nasal/throat solution	15 min	0.06 copies/μL	[108]
Macro/ nanostructure Au substrate, Au nanoparticles	SPR-based biosensors	Pseudovirus particles	N/A	15 min	0.37 vp/μL	[109]
Graphene & Copper	Electrochemical biosensors	Cholinesterase	Blood	ca. 7 s	0.079 μmol/L	[110]
Graphene	Electrochemical biosensors	RNA	Nasal/throat solution	1 min	0.01~0.02 copies/μL	[111]
	Fluorescence biosensors	RNA	Lysis solution	15 samples/45 min	0.6 copies/μL	[112]

生物传感器在新冠病毒检测中的应用

Application of Biosensors in the Detection of SARS-CoV-2

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