abeo-甾体的全合成研究进展

doi:10.6023/cjoc202506022

摘要/Abstract

对甾体的研究在有机化学、天然药物化学和药物研发中占有非常重要的地位. 至今, 美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)批准已上市的甾体药物超过一百种, 被广泛用于治疗癌症、炎症、疼痛和心力衰竭等疾病. 近年来, 越来越多的abeo-甾体被分离出来. abeo-甾体由于其新颖的化学结构和良好的生物活性, 吸引了全球合成化学家的关注. abeo-甾体结构复杂且多变, 通常含有一个中环体系(七元环)或者桥环体系, 且含有多个手性中心, 使得其全合成具有很高的挑战性. 综述了近8年来abeo-甾体全合成的最新研究进展, 重点阐述创新的合成策略和方法, 并对abeo-甾体及其相关领域的研究进行了展望.

关键词: 甾体, abeo-甾体, 全合成, 七元环, 桥环体系

Research on steroids play a significant role in organic chemistry, medicinal chemistry of natural products, and drug discovery. To date, more than 100 steroidal drugs have been approved by U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of cancer, inflammation, pain, and heart failure. Recently, more and more abeo-steroids have been isolated. Due to their novel structures and important biological activities, abeo-steroids have attracted considerable attention from the synthetic community. In general, abeo-steroids are complex and diverse, containing a medium ring (seven-membered ring) or bridged ring system and possessing multiple stereogenic centers. All these structural features present considerable synthetic challenges. The latest progress in the total synthesis of abeo-steroids in the past eight years is summarized, focusing on the innovative synthetic strategies and methods. Finally, a brief outlook for the future development of abeo-steroids and related field is discussed.

Key words: steroid, abeo-steroid, total synthesis, seven-membered ring, bridged ring system

引用此文

赵礼麟, 李兆麒, 钟李平, 闵龙. abeo-甾体的全合成研究进展[J]. 有机化学, 2026, 46(1): 21-38.

Zhao Lilin, Li Zhaoqi, Zhong Liping, Min Long. Recent Progress in the Total Synthesis of abeo-Steroids[J]. Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2026, 46(1): 21-38.

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图/表 24

图1. FDA批准上市的代表性甾体药物(A)和代表性的abeo-甾体天然产物(B)

Figure 1. Selected FDA approved steroidal drugs (A) and selected abeo-steroids (B)

图2. cyclocitrinol及其家族代表性分子的结构

Figure 2. Structures of cyclocitrinol and selected members of cyclocitrinols

图式1. 李闯创课题组报道的cyclocitrinol的不对称全合成

Scheme 1. Li’s asymmetric total synthesis of cyclocitrinol

图式2. 桂敬汉课题组报道的cyclocitrinol的10步合成

Scheme 2. Gui’s ten-step synthesis of cyclocitrinol

图式3. 桂敬汉课题组报道的cyclocitrinol家族9个分子的统一式合成

Scheme 3. Gui’s unified synthesis of other nine cyclocitrinols

图3. pleurocins A和B的结构

Figure 3. Structures of pleurocins A and B

图式4. Heretsch课题组报道的pleurocin A (matsutakone)和pleurocin B的不对称合成

Scheme 4. Heretsch’s asymmetric synthesis of pleurocin A (matsutakone) and pleurocin B

图4. swinhoeisterol A, dankasterone A, dankasterone B和periconiastone A的结构

Figure 4. Structures of swinhoeisterol A, dankasterone A, dankasterone B and periconiastone A

图式5. Heretsch课题组报道的swinhoeisterol A, dankasterone A, dankasterone B和periconiastone A的不对称合成

Scheme 5. Heretsch’s asymmetric synthesis of swinhoeisterol A, dankasterone A, dankasterone B and periconiastone A

图式6. 马志强课题组报道的dankasterone A, dankasterone B和periconiastone A的不对称全合成

Scheme 6. Ma’s asymmetric total synthesis of dankasterone A, dankasterone B and periconiastone A

图式7. 桂敬汉课题组报道的swinhoeisterols A~C的不对称全合成

Scheme 7. Gui’s asymmetric total synthesis of swinhoeisterols A~C

图5. bufospirostenin A的结构

Figure 5. Structure of bufospirostenin A

图式8. 李闯创课题组报道的bufospirostenin A的不对称全合成

Scheme 8. Li’s asymmetric total synthesis of bufospirostenin A

图式9. 桂敬汉课题组报道的bufospirostenin A的不对称合成

Scheme 9. Gui’s asymmetric synthesis of bufospirostenin A

图式10. 桂敬汉课题组报道的ophiopogonol A的不对称合成

Scheme 10. Gui’s asymmetric synthesis of ophiopogonol A

图式11. 杨震课题组报道的bufospirostenin A的不对称合成

Scheme 11. Yang’s asymmetric synthesis of bufospirostenin A

图6. phomarol的结构

Figure 6. Structure of phomarol

图式12. 李闯创课题组报道的phomarol的不对称全合成

Scheme 12. Li’s asymmetric total synthesis of phomarol

图式13. 桂敬汉课题组报道的phomarol的不对称全合成

Scheme 13. Gui’s asymmetric total synthesis of phomarol

图7. bufogargarizins A和B的结构

Figure 7. Structures of bufogargarizins A and B

图式14. 李闯创课题组报道的bufogargarizin A的不对称全合成

Scheme 14. Li’s asymmetric total synthesis of bufogargarizin A

图式15. 李闯创课题组报道的bufogargarizin B的不对称全合成

Scheme 15. Li’s asymmetric total synthesis of bufogargarizin B

图8. aspersteroid A的结构

Figure 8. Structure of aspersteroid A

图式16. 桂敬汉课题组报道的aspersteroid A的不对称合成

Scheme 16. Gui’s asymmetric synthesis of aspersteroid A

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