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有机化学 ›› 2008, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (9): 1646-1648. 上一篇    下一篇

研究简报

3-氨基-4-硝基呋咱和3,3’-二硝基-4,4’-偶氮呋咱的合成研究

李洪珍*; 周小清; 李金山; 黄 明   

  1. (中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 绵阳 621900)
  • 收稿日期:2007-10-12 修回日期:2008-04-01 发布日期:2008-09-20
  • 通讯作者: 李洪珍

Synthesis of 3-Amino-4-nitrofurazan and 3,3’-Dinitro-4,4’-azofurazan

LI, Hong-Zhen*; ZHOU, Xiao-Qing; LI, Jin-Shan; HUANG, Ming   

  1. (Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900)
  • Received:2007-10-12 Revised:2008-04-01 Published:2008-09-20
  • Contact: LI, Hong-Zhen

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3-氨基-4-硝基呋咱(ANF)及其衍生物是一类重要的含能材料. ANF的制备首先以乙二醛、盐酸羟胺和氢氧化钠为原料, 经过两步反应制得3,4-二氨基呋咱(DAF), 采用新的氧化体系过氧化氢/甲烷磺酸/钨酸钠混合物(H2O2/CH3SO3H/ Na2WO4)代替原氧化体系过氧化氢/硫酸/过硫酸铵混合物[H2O2/H2SO4/(NH4)2S2O8]氧化DAF以67%的产率获得了ANF. 然后在单电子氧化体系高锰酸钾/盐酸混合物作用下ANF发生氧化反应以54.7%的产率得到3,3’-二硝基- 4,4’-偶氮呋咱(DNAzF). 研究表明过氧化氢/甲烷磺酸/钨酸钠混合物是制备氨基硝基单/多呋咱非常有效的氧化体系.

关键词: 含能材料, 合成, 3,3’-二硝基-4,4’-偶氮呋咱, 3-氨基-4-硝基呋咱

3-Amino-4-nitrofurazan (ANF) and its derivatives are a new kind of important energetic materials. ANF was synthesized in three steps. The first two steps involved the synthesis of diaminoglyoxime (DAG) from aqueous glyoxal and hydroxylamine and 3,4-diaminofurazan (DAF) from DAG dehydration. Then DAF was oxidized using the mixture of hydrogen peroxide, sodium tungstate and methanesulfonic acid (H2O2/CH3SO3H/Na2WO4) in place of the mixture of hydrogen peroxide, ammonium persulfate and sulfuric acid [H2O2/H2SO4/(NH4)2S2O8] to give a 67% yield of ANF. Treatment of ANF with potassium permanga-nate and concentrated hydrochloric acid afforded 3,3’-dinitro-4,4’-azofurazan (DNAzF) in a 54.7% yield. The experiments showed that the mixture of H2O2/CH3SO3H/Na2WO4 was a new kind of efficient oxidant for the synthesis of mono- or multi-furazan rings with amino and nitro groups.

Key words: energetic material, 3-amino-4-nitrofurazan, 3,3’-dinitro-4,4’-azofuraz, synthesis