有机化学 ›› 2016, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (6): 1197-1207.DOI: 10.6023/cjoc201512024 上一篇    下一篇

综述与进展

多硝基氮杂稠环化合物合成及性能

张俊林, 肖川, 翟连杰, 王锡杰, 毕福强, 王伯周   

  1. 西安近代化学研究所西安 710065
  • 收稿日期:2015-12-19 修回日期:2016-01-07 发布日期:2016-02-02
  • 通讯作者: 毕福强, 王伯周 E-mail:bifuqiang@gmail.com;wbz600@163.com
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金(No.21503162)资助项目.

Synthesis and Properties of the Fused Aza-polynitrocyclic Compounds

Zhang Junlin, Xiao Chuan, Zhai Lianjie, Wang Xijie, Bi Fuqiang, Wang Bozhou   

  1. Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Instritute, Xi'an 710065
  • Received:2015-12-19 Revised:2016-01-07 Published:2016-02-02
  • Supported by:

    Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 21503162).

氮杂稠环是构建含能化合物的重要结构单元, 硝胺基(NNO2)是赋予氮杂稠环能量的主要源泉. 目前, 多硝基氮杂稠环化合物是含能化合物领域的重要研究方向之一. 全面介绍了多硝基氮杂双环、氮杂(三元以上)稠环以及氮杂螺桨烷等氮杂稠环类含能化合物母体骨架的构建与N-硝化方法, 同时概述了相关含能化合物的主要物化、爆轰性能. 重点综述了五硝基五氮杂[3.3.3]螺桨烷、六硝基六氮杂[3.3.3]螺桨烷母环骨架的构建策略以及针对此类空间高度拥挤、稳定性较差的骨架所进行的N-硝化探索研究.

关键词: 含能化合物, 氮杂稠环, 合成, N-硝化, 性能

Fused aza-polycyclic structures play an important role in the synthesis of energetic compounds and the presence of NNO2 groups renders them a rich source of energy. Currently, fused aza-polynitrocyclic compounds have gained considerable prominence as novel energetic compounds. This review focuses on the synthesis of various ring skeletons of the aza-bicyclic, aza-polycyclic and aza-propellane-derivatized energetic compounds as well as the studies of N-nitration, physicochemistry and detonation properties. The synthesis of pentaaza[3.3.3]propellane and hexaaza[3.3.3]propellane is highlighted and N-nitration explorations of these high-strained unstable skeletons are discussed in details.

Key words: energetic compounds, fused aza-polycyclic structure, synthesis, N-nitration, properties