防风中亥茅酚及亥茅酚苷的不对称合成

doi:10.6023/cjoc202403006

有机化学 ›› 2024, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (9): 2862-2868.DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202403006 上一篇下一篇

研究论文

防风中亥茅酚及亥茅酚苷的不对称合成

曾涛, 张曙盛, 付建国^*(), 冯陈国^*()

上海中医药大学创新中药研究院上海 201203

收稿日期:2024-03-04 修回日期:2024-04-15 发布日期:2024-05-16
通讯作者: 付建国, 冯陈国
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(22271195); 国家自然科学基金(22301185); 上海市科学技术委员会(21ZR1482100); 上海市科学技术委员会(22ZR1458900); 上海市中央引导地方科技发展资金(YDZX20223100001004); 上海中医药大学有组织科研计划(2023YZZ01); 及上海中医药大学预算内(2021LK001)

Asymmetric Synthesis of Hamaudol and sec-O-Glucosylhamaudol in Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk

Tao Zeng, Shusheng Zhang, Jianguo Fu(), Chenguo Feng()

Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203

Received:2024-03-04 Revised:2024-04-15 Published:2024-05-16
Contact: Jianguo Fu, Chenguo Feng
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(22271195); National Natural Science Foundation of China(22301185); Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(21ZR1482100); Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(22ZR1458900); Shanghai Science and Technology Development Fund from Central Leading Local Government(YDZX20223100001004); Organizational Key R&D Program of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(2023YZZ01); Expenditure Budget Program of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(2021LK001)

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摘要/Abstract

色原酮类化合物作为中药防风中的主要成分具有广泛的生物活性, 其中代表性化合物亥茅酚和亥茅酚苷分别具有抗过敏和抗炎活性. 报道了一条亥茅酚及亥茅酚苷的不对称合成路线, 该路线主要利用Ca(OH)₂促进酚烯醇与异戊烯醛发生aldol/环化串联反应, 高区域选择性地构建6/6/6三环核心骨架, 利用Jacobsen不对称环氧化反应实现3'位手性中心的构建, 以线性6步21%总收率实现亥茅酚的不对称合成, 以线性8步15%总收率完成了亥茅酚苷的不对称合成.

关键词: 防风, 色原酮, 亥茅酚, 亥茅酚苷, 不对称合成

Chromones from the traditional Chinese medicine Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk exhibit various biological activities, among which the representative compounds, hamaudol and sec-O-glucosylhamaudol, have anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory activities. A concise asymmetric synthesis of hamaudol and sec-O-glucosylhamaudol has been accomplished. The key strategies included the Ca(OH)₂-catalyzed regioselective construction of 6/6/6 tricyclic skeleton by aldol reaction/annulation of phenolic enolate with 3-methyl-2-butenal and the construction of chiral centers in the 3'-position by Jacobsen's asymmetric epoxidation reaction. This strategy provided a concise and rapid approach to synthesize hamaudol (linear 6-steps and 21% overall yield) and sec-O-glucosylhamaudol (linear 8-steps and 15% overall yield) from the commercial reagent.

Key words: Saposhnikovia Divaricata (Turcz.) schischk, chromone, hamaudol, sec-O-glucosylhamaudol, asymmetric synthesis

引用此文

曾涛, 张曙盛, 付建国, 冯陈国. 防风中亥茅酚及亥茅酚苷的不对称合成[J]. 有机化学, 2024, 44(9): 2862-2868.

Tao Zeng, Shusheng Zhang, Jianguo Fu, Chenguo Feng. Asymmetric Synthesis of Hamaudol and sec-O-Glucosylhamaudol in Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk[J]. Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2024, 44(9): 2862-2868.

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图/表 6

图1. 防风中代表性三环色原酮类化合物的结构

Figure 1. Structures of representative chromones in Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk

图式1. 已报道色原酮类化合物的合成路线

Scheme 1. Reported synthesis of chromones

图式2. 亥茅酚和亥茅酚苷的逆合成分析路线

Scheme 2. Retrosynthetic analysis of hamaudol and sec-O-glucosylhamaudol

图式3. 亥茅酚及亥茅酚苷的不对称合成

Scheme 3. Asymmetric synthesis of hamaudol and sec-O-glucosylhamaudol

Entry	Conditions	Yield/%	Ratio of 4/10
1	BF₃•Et₂O, DCM, r.t.	N.R.^a	—
2	K₂CO₃, acetone, reflux	N.R.^a	—
3	3-picoline, p-xylene, 115 ℃	10	0.6∶1
4	EDDA,^b toluene, 115 ℃	16	0.4∶1
5	Ca(OH)₂, MeOH, r.t.	51	17∶1

表1. 合成化合物4的反应条件优化

Table 1. Optimization of conditions of synthesis of compound 4

Entry	R	Catalyst & oxidant	Temp./℃	Solvent	Yield/%	ee/%
1	H	Jacobsen's Cat. (S,S) & Oxone	0	MeCN/buffer	N.D.^a	—
2	Ac	Jacobsen's Cat. (S,S) & Oxone	0	MeCN/buffer^b	81	65
3	Ac	Jacobsen's Cat. (S,S) & Oxone	－10	MeCN/buffer^c	85	91
4	Me	Jacobsen's Cat. (S,S) & Oxone	－10	MeCN/buffer^c	80	87
5	Ac	L-(＋)-DET/Ti(Oi-Pr) & t-BuOOH	－48	DCM	N.R.^b	—
6	Ac	Shi's Cat. & Oxone	－10	MeCN/buffer^c	Trace	—

表2. 不对称环氧化反应的条件优化

Table 2. Optimization of conditions of asymmetric epoxidation reaction

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防风中亥茅酚及亥茅酚苷的不对称合成

Asymmetric Synthesis of Hamaudol and sec-O-Glucosylhamaudol in Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk

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