化学学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 75 ›› Issue (2): 231-236.DOI: 10.6023/A16090476 上一篇    下一篇

所属专题: 先进电池材料

研究论文

水热法合成氧化亚钴纳米粒子/石墨烯复合材料及其储锂性能研究

王蕾, 赵冬冬, 刘旭, 于鹏, 付宏刚   

  1. 功能无机材料化学教育部重点实验室 黑龙江大学 哈尔滨 150080
  • 投稿日期:2016-09-06 修回日期:2017-01-21 发布日期:2017-02-13
  • 通讯作者: 付宏刚,E-mail:fuhg@vip.sina.com;Tel.:0451-86604330 E-mail:fuhg@vip.sina.com
  • 基金资助:

    项目受国家自然科学基金(Nos.21371053,21401048)、哈尔滨市应用技术研究与开发计划项目(No.2013AE4BW051)、国家国际科技合作专项项目(2014DFR41110)和哈尔滨市科技局青年后备人才项目(No.2015RAQXJ057)资助.

Hydrothermal for Synthesis of CoO Nanoparticles/Graphene Composite as Li-ion Battery Anodes

Wang Lei, Zhao Dongdong, Liu Xu, Yu Peng, Fu Honggang   

  1. Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080
  • Received:2016-09-06 Revised:2017-01-21 Published:2017-02-13
  • Contact: 10.6023/A16090476 E-mail:fuhg@vip.sina.com
  • Supported by:

    Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21371053, 21401048), application technology research and development projects in Harbin (No. 2013AE4BW051), the international science & technology cooperation program of China (2014DFR41110), Harbin science and technology innovation talents research Foundation (No. 2015RAQXJ057).

针对目前的锂离子电池负极材料存在比容量低、循环稳定性差等问题,本工作发展了简单、有效的方法合成氧化亚钴纳米粒子与石墨烯的复合材料(CoO/RGO).采用氧化石墨(GO)和Co(NO32作为原料,先用水热路线制备了前驱体,再将其在氮气气氛下热处理,最终得到CoO/RGO复合材料.存在于石墨烯表面的CoO纳米粒子可以有效地阻止石墨烯片层的聚集,同时石墨烯片层的相互连接能够形成三维的空间网络,提高复合材料的导电性.将合成的CoO/RGO复合材料作为负极,以锂片作为正极,组装成纽扣电池.电化学测试表明,在电流密度为100 mA·g-1的条件下,初始比容量放电比容量高达1312.6 mAh·g-1,在10000 mA·g-1的大电流密度下,经过300圈循环后,其比容量仍然可以达到557.4 mAh·g-1.这表明CoO/RGO复合材料具有高的比容量、优异的倍率性能及循环稳定性,这归因于3D网状结构能够避免在锂离子的嵌入/脱出过程中材料的结构被严重破坏.

关键词: 氧化亚钴, 石墨烯, 复合材料, 锂离子电池, 负极材料

Nowadays, the clean energy is of special concern researches owing to the unavoidable environmental pollutions. To satisfy the demand of sustainable development strategy, it is necessary to develop high-efficient and portable energy storage and conversion devices. Lithium ion batteries (LIBs) are considered as most promising electrochemical energy storage system in this era and are anticipated to power the mentioned applications. Herein, a facile and effective route has been developed for synthesis of CoO/reduced graphite oxide (RGO) composites as LIB anodes. In the synthesis, the GO prepared by the modified Hummers' method was dissolved into deionized water, and then mixed with Co(NO3)2 solution. Subsequently, the obtained homogeneous solution was transferred into 100 mL Teflon-lined stainless-steel autoclave. The sealed autoclave was putted into an oven at 160℃ for 6 h. After cooled down to room temperature, the precursor of depositions were filtered, washed with deionized water and dried at 80℃. Finally, the precursor was thermal treated at 500℃ for 2 h in a tube furnace under nitrogen ambient to obtain the final product of CoO/RGO composites. The synthetic composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). XRD patterns proved that the composites were composed of CoO and graphene. SEM images indicated the CoO nanoparticles grown on the graphene nanosheets uniformly. The CoO nanoparticles loaded on the surface of graphene nanosheets could prevent the aggregation of graphene. Meanwhile, the graphene nanosheets could combine with each other to form a large 3D electron conductive network, which can promote the electrical conductivity of the composite. The LIB was assembled in glove-box, in which the composite electrode and metal lithium plate were used as the anode and the cathode, respectively. The electrochemical test results imply that the initial discharge specific capacity could be up to 1312.6 mAh·g-1 at a current density of 100 mA·g-1. Notably, the discharge specific capacity is still about 557.4 mAh·g-1 after 300 cycles at a high current density of 10000 mA·g-1. It is demonstrated that the composite exhibits high specific capacity, excellent rate capability and well cyclic stability. The 3D network could be used as a stable framework to accommodate the volume change of active material during Li+ insertion/extraction, which play important role for the superior electrochemical performance.

Key words: cobalt oxide, graphene, composite, Li-ion batteries, anode materials