化学学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 78 ›› Issue (9): 888-900.DOI: 10.6023/A20060221 上一篇    下一篇

所属专题: 多孔材料:金属有机框架(MOF)

综述

金属有机框架质子导体及其质子交换膜的研究进展

孙炼, 王洪磊, 余金山, 周新贵   

  1. 国防科技大学空天科学学院新型陶瓷纤维及其复合材料重点实验室 长沙 410073
  • 投稿日期:2020-06-09 发布日期:2020-08-01
  • 通讯作者: 周新贵 E-mail:zhouxinguilmy@163.com
  • 作者简介:孙炼,2018年毕业于国防科技大学材料科学与工程专业,获工学硕士学位.现为国防科技大学在读博士,导师周新贵教授.主要从事金属有机框架材料及质子交换膜相关研究;王洪磊,副教授,1983年生,2012年毕业于国防科技大学并获得材料科学与工程博士学位,2015~2018年在中国工程物理研究院开展博士后研究工作,2019年10~12月在伦敦玛丽女王大学开展短期访问.主要从事陶瓷基复合材料研究工作;余金山,1973年生,2006年毕业于上海交通大学并获得材料学博士学位,随后在日本东北大学从事3年博士后研究工作,2009年回国后在国防科技大学任副研究员,从事陶瓷基复合材料制备工艺研究及材料分析测试方面的工作;周新贵,1968年生,国防科技大学空天科学学院教授,博士生导师.2006年在中南大学获得工学博士学位,2008年在布里斯托大学访学一年.主要研究方向为陶瓷基复合材料以及功能陶瓷,主持参与15项国家重点科研项目,荣获国家科技进步二等奖、省部级科技进步一等奖、全国发明展金奖.发表学术论文90余篇,其中70篇为SCI检索.
  • 基金资助:
    项目受国家自然科学基金(Nos.91426304,51372274,51502343)资助.

Recent Progress on Proton-Conductive Metal-Organic Frameworks and Their Proton Exchange Membranes

Sun Lian, Wang Honglei, Yu Jinshan, Zhou Xingui   

  1. Science and Technology on Advanced Ceramic Fibers and Composites Laboratory, College of Aerospace Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China
  • Received:2020-06-09 Published:2020-08-01
  • Supported by:
    Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 91426304, 51372274, 51502343).

质子交换膜是新型燃料电池的关键组件之一.以Nafion为代表的商用全氟磺酸质子交换膜成本较高、操作温度较低,限制了宽温度范围下的大规模应用.金属有机框架材料(Metal Organic Framework,MOFs)因其比表面积大、结构规整、可设计性强等优点,在质子交换领域备受关注.作者从三方面综述了MOFs质子导体的相关研究.第一部分主要介绍了MOFs传导质子的作用机理;第二部分从有水/无水条件下工作的两种不同MOFs出发综述了MOFs质子导体的相关发展;第三部分系统回顾了MOFs质子交换膜的相关研究,包括MOFs薄膜与MOFs混合基质膜结构.最后指出了MOFs质子导体及其质子交换膜研究中尚未解决的问题,并展望该领域的未来研究方向.

关键词: 金属有机框架, 质子导体, 质子交换膜, 燃料电池

Proton exchange membranes (PEMs) are important components for novel fuel cells. A significant effort has been made by researchers towards proton conductive materials and membranes, some of which have been successfully commercialized. However, commercial perfluorosulfonic acid membranes like Nafion suffer key issues which limit their large-scale applications in a wide temperature range, including high cost and low operation temperature. Therefore, it is highly desirable to prepare new-type PEMs possessing high proton conductivity, thermal and chemical stability, water uptake and excellent durability. Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are attractive candidates for proton exchange membranes due to their high porosity, ordering pore structures and excellent designability. This review focuses on the recent progress on proton-conductive MOF structures and their proton exchange membranes. In the first section, the authors briefly introduce the proton conducting mechanism of MOFs and their testing methods. The Grotthuss mechanism refers to the proton transferring process in a continuous and long-range hydrogen network, whereas the Vehicular mechanism involves in the diffusion of proton carrier molecules. Then in the next section, the authors summarize the progress on bulk MOFs proton conductors. According to the work condition, proton-conducting MOFs can be divided into two types, namely working under humid and anhydrous environment. These works show the potential of proton-conductive MOFs to be applied in a wide temperature range, and some of them even have reached a relatively high conductivity larger than 10-2 S·cm-1, comparable with Nafion. In the third section, a review on the MOFs-based proton exchange membranes is shown. Researchers have proven that MOFs thin films have huge potential on proton conduction. Nevertheless, most of the MOFs-based PEMs are still mixed matrix membrane (MMM) structure. In order to boost the performance of MMMs-type MOFs-based PEMs, several strategies can be applied such as modifying MOF with functional groups, using 1D/2D MOFs structure and introducing the third phase into membranes. Last, the authors discuss the current issues and perspectives on MOFs proton conductors and their PEMs.

Key words: metal-organic frameworks, proton conductor, proton exchange membrane, fuel cells