化学学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 75 ›› Issue (2): 154-162.DOI: 10.6023/A16060275 上一篇    下一篇

所属专题: 先进电池材料 纪念南开大学化学学科创建100周年

综述

钠离子电池先进功能材料的研究进展

向兴德, 卢艳莹, 陈军   

  1. 南开大学化学学院 先进能源材料化学教育部重点实验室 天津化学化工协同创新中心 天津 300071
  • 投稿日期:2016-06-03 修回日期:2016-08-05 发布日期:2016-08-10
  • 通讯作者: 陈军,E-mail:chenabc@nankai.edu.cn E-mail:chenabc@nankai.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:向兴德,男,博士,助理研究员,博士后研究人员,主要从事新型二次电池的构建及其关键材料的电化学性质研究;卢艳莹,女,在读博士生,主要从事储钠先进材料的可控制备与性能研究;陈军,男,博士,长江学者特聘教授,国家杰出青年基金获得者.中国化学会理事,FRSC;南开大学化学学院副院长,先进能源材料化学教育部重点实验室主任.主要从事无机固体功能材料与能源化学相关领域的研究.
  • 基金资助:

    项目受先进能源材料化学创新团队滚动支持(IRT13R30)和国家自然科学基金(21421001)资助.

Advance and Prospect of Functional Materials for Sodium Ion Batteries

Xiang Xingde, Lu Yanying, Chen Jun   

  1. Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry(Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
  • Received:2016-06-03 Revised:2016-08-05 Published:2016-08-10
  • Contact: 10.6023/A16060275 E-mail:chenabc@nankai.edu.cn
  • Supported by:

    Project supported by Innovative Team Project of Ministry of Education (IRT13R30) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21421001).

钠离子电池作为一种新型的化学电源,因钠资源储量丰富、成本低廉等优势,在规模储能领域具有应用前景,近年来受到了人们的广泛关注.为了获得比能量高、循环寿命长和快速充放电能力强的先进钠离子电池,人们正致力于开发比容量高、循环性能好和倍率性能佳的储钠电极材料和离子电导率高、电化学窗口宽的功能电解液,并取得了重要进展.目前,有前景的正极材料主要有高容量的层状氧化物、高电位的氟磷酸盐和长寿命的磷酸盐;可用的负极材料主要包括循环稳定性强的钛基层状氧化物和碳材料、比容量大的金属/非金属单质和低成本的金属化合物;有效的功能电解液有酯类电解液和醚类电解液.本综述详细总结了上述几类电极材料和电解液的最新研究进展,重点介绍了它们的电化学性质、科学难题及解决策略.

关键词: 钠离子电池, 正极材料, 负极材料, 电解液

Sodium ion batteries (SIBs) as a new chemical power source have recently attracted a great attention for large-scale energy storage owing to the abundance and low cost of sodium resources. In order to achieve advanced SIBs with high specific energy, long cycling lifetime and fast charge/discharge ability, efforts have been devoted to developing advanced electrode materials with large specific capacity, robust cycling stability and good rate capability, as well as functional electrolytes with high ion-conductivity and wide electrochemical window. Promising cathode materials include high-capacity layered oxides, high-potential fluorophosphates and long-lifetime phosphates. Available anode materials consist of highly stable Ti-based layered oxides and carbon materials, high-capacity elemental metals/non-metals and low-cost metal-based compounds. Effective electrolytes involve ester-based electrolytes and ether-based electrolytes. This review summarizes the recent advance of electrode materials and electrolytes for SIBs, mainly focusing on their electrochemical properties, existing challenges and resolution strategies.

Key words: sodium ion batteries, cathode materials, anode materials, electrolytes