吲哚七甲川类荧光探针在生物体应用的研究现状

doi:10.6023/A13070689

摘要/Abstract

菁染料是一种商品化的近红外荧光染料, 其光谱范围位于近红外区域, 此光谱区域内生物基体光吸收或荧光强度较小, 因此利用菁染料对生物体进行成像, 可以降低背景干扰. 吲哚七甲川菁染料是一类具有代表性的菁染料, 其由吲哚杂环、七甲川链和N-取代基侧链组成, 由于具有溶解性好, 最大吸收波长可调, 摩尔消光系数大等优良的光学性质, 被广泛用于肿瘤靶向治疗、蛋白标记、痕量金属离子检测等生物方面. 以吲哚七甲川为母体, 通过向母体中引入活性基团或改变它们的结构, 使探针具有不同的功能, 这已成为生物领域荧光成像的研究热点. 分别从检测金属阳离子、pH变化、小分子和靶向标记肿瘤细胞、蛋白质等方面综述了近年来用于生物体荧光成像的吲哚七甲川类荧光探针的研究进展, 其中也对荧光探针在生物体内(模型)分布、光学成像及代谢方面进行了介绍, 最后讨论了这类荧光探针存在的问题及发展趋势.

关键词: 吲哚七甲川, 荧光, 探针, 生物, 应用

Cyanine dye is a commercially available near-infrared fluorescent dye, its spectral range is in the near infrared region, in this spectrum, absorption or fluorescence intensity of biological sample is very small, so applied cyanine dye to image living body can reduce background interference. Indole heptamethine fluorescent probes which are representative of cyanine dyes are consisted of indole heterocycle, heptamethine and N-substituted side chains. They are widely used for targeted cancer therapy, labling protein, detecting of metal cations and other biological aspects because of their excellent photophysical properties like good solubility, tunable maximum absorption wavelength, large molar extinction coefficient. Based on the structure of indole heptamethine, introducing reactive groups to the parent compounds or changing their structures can make fluorescent probes have different functions like labeling protein and tumour, detecting intracellular metal cations, which has become the hotspot in the field of fluorescence imaging of biological research. Therefore in this paper, the recent progress in the field of applications of indole heptamethine based fluorescent probes for detecting metal cations, changes of pH, molecules and imaging cancer, protein in vivo are reviewed. Besides, the distribution, imaging results and metabolism of probes in vivo (model) have also been elaborated. The biological application trends and problems of this kind of fluorescent probes are also discussed in the end.

Key words: indole heptamethine, fluorescent, probe, biological, application

引用此文

楚宁宁, 冯成亮, 吉民. 吲哚七甲川类荧光探针在生物体应用的研究现状[J]. 化学学报, 2013, 71(11): 1459-1476.

Chu Ningning, Feng Chengliang, Ji Min. Advances in Applications of Fluorescent Probes Based on Indole Heptamethine in Vivo[J]. Acta Chimica Sinica, 2013, 71(11): 1459-1476.

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