化学学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 77 ›› Issue (1): 9-23.DOI: 10.6023/A18100447 上一篇    下一篇

综述

钙钛矿材料组分调控策略及其光电器件性能研究进展

陈薪羽, 解俊杰, 王炜, 袁慧慧, 许頔, 张焘, 何云龙, 沈沪江   

  1. 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 能量转换材料重点实验室 上海 201800
  • 投稿日期:2018-10-29 发布日期:2018-11-27
  • 通讯作者: 沈沪江 E-mail:shenhujiang@mail.sic.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:陈薪羽,2013年毕业于上海交通大学材料科学与工程学院,获硕士学位,同年加入中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所工作,目前主要从事新型太阳电池方面的研究;沈沪江,博士,高级工程师.主要研究方向为新型太阳电池研究及关键材料设计.主持并参与了国家863计划、上海市和中国科学院等科研项目近十项.2017年在瑞士洛桑联邦理工学院进行合作研究.
  • 基金资助:

    项目受中国科学院科技服务网络计划(KFJ-SW-STS-152)资助.

Research Progress of Compositional Controlling Strategy to Perovskite for High Performance Solar Cells

Chen Xinyu, Xie Junjie, Wang Wei, Yuan Huihui, Xu Di, Zhang Tao, He Yunlong, Shen Hujiang   

  1. CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
  • Received:2018-10-29 Published:2018-11-27
  • Contact: 10.6023/A18100447 E-mail:shenhujiang@mail.sic.ac.cn
  • Supported by:

    Project supported by the Science and Technology Service Network Initiative (KFJ-SW-STS-152).

近年来,钙钛矿太阳电池的光电转换效率取得了爆发式增长,这与电池中钙钛矿薄膜的制备工艺和材料组分密切相关.关于钙钛矿薄膜的制备方法,相关的研究报道及综述较多,然而钙钛矿材料组分调控方面的研究梳理工作相对缺乏.本综述总结了近年来不同组分体系钙钛矿材料的研究进展,包括有机无机铅卤钙钛矿、全无机铅卤钙钛矿、少铅钙钛矿以及无铅钙钛矿.重点介绍了不同体系中具有代表性的材料组分及其对器件性能的影响,旨在梳理通过组分调控提高钙钛矿电池的效率及稳定性的研究思路,最终实现商业化应用.

关键词: 钙钛矿, 组分调控, 太阳电池, 高效率, 稳定性

Over the past few years, the power conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells have shown a tremendous progress from 3.8% in 2009 to 23.3% in 2018. Perovskites have exhibited excellent advantages in photovoltaic devices and other promising optoelectronic devices owing to their exceptional material properties, including direct and tunable bandgaps, strong light absorption, high electron/hole mobilities, long charge carrier lifetimes and diffusion lengths. The outstanding performance of perovskite solar cells is closely related with the deposition techniques and material composition of perovskite films. The preparation process of perovskite film is crucial for obtaining high efficiency devices, and it usually requires to fabricate a high coverage, compact and uniform perovskite layer. At present, the preparation technology of perovskite absorption layer mainly includes one-step processing, two-step processing, dual-source thermal evaporation processing, vapor-assisted solution processing and some scalable processing methods, and there are many reports and summaries about this work. However, perovskites still have some shortcomings such as insufficient light absorption range, poor long-term stability, the lead toxicity, which need to be overcome to realize higher power conversion efficiency and further product application. Compositional control engineering of perovskite materials becomes one of the effective ways to solve the above problems, but the summary of the research in this area is still lacking. In this review, we summarize the recent progress on the perovskite materials with different component systems, including organic-inorganic lead halide perovskite, all-inorganic lead halide perovskite, low-lead perovskite and lead-free perovskite. We also discuss some representative material compositions and the research on their corresponding preparation methods, the optimization of device structure and the effects on the device performance. Moreover, we compare and summarize the advantages and disadvantages of perovskite materials with different component systems. The purpose is to provide ideas on how to improve the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells through compositional controlling, and finally realize commercial application.

Key words: perovskite, compositional controlling, solar cell, high efficiency, stability