有机化学 ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (2): 424-433.DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202108047 上一篇    下一篇

综述与进展

手性化合物绝对构型确定的方法与应用

葛锐a, 朱园园b, 王海峰a,c,*(), 古双喜a,c,*()   

  1. a 武汉工程大学化工与制药学院 绿色化工过程教育部重点实验室 武汉 430205
    b 武汉工程大学化学与环境工程学院 武汉 430205
    c 武汉工程大学 新型反应器与绿色化学工艺湖北省重点实验室 武汉 430205
  • 收稿日期:2021-08-24 修回日期:2021-09-18 发布日期:2022-02-24
  • 通讯作者: 王海峰, 古双喜
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(21877087); 国家自然科学基金(22074114); 国家自然科学基金(20602164); 湖北省自然科学基金(2020CFB623); 绿色化工过程教育部重点实验室开放基金(GCP20200201); 新型反应器与绿色化学工艺湖北省重点实验室(武汉工程大学)开放基金(40201002)

Methods and Application of Absolute Configuration Assignment for Chiral Compounds

Rui Gea, Yuanyuan Zhub, Haifeng Wanga,c(), Shuangxi Gua,c()   

  1. a Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering & Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205
    b School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205
    c Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205
  • Received:2021-08-24 Revised:2021-09-18 Published:2022-02-24
  • Contact: Haifeng Wang, Shuangxi Gu
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(21877087); National Natural Science Foundation of China(22074114); National Natural Science Foundation of China(20602164); Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2020CFB623); Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education Open Fund(GCP20200201); Hubei Key Laboratory of Novel Reactor and Green Chemical Technology (Wuhan Institute of Technology) Open Fund(40201002)

手性分子绝对构型(AC)的确定在手性化学研究与应用中至关重要. 近年测定手性化合物AC的各种方法, 根据其原理可主要分为三大类. 第一类是在手性环境下激发手性化合物的原子核从而测定手性化合物AC的核磁共振(NMR)法, 包括应用芳环抗磁屏蔽效应的NMR法和应用配糖位移效应的NMR法; 第二类是基于原子共振散射的X射线衍射(XRD)法, 包括单晶和粉末XRD; 第三类是基于对映异构体对偏振光的折射和吸收不同从而测定手性化合物AC的光谱法, 包括旋光光谱法、电子圆二色谱法、振动圆二色谱法和振动拉曼光谱法. 此外, 还有一些其它方法如酶法和3,4-二氢-2-苯基-2H-嘧啶并[2,1-b]苯并噻唑(HBTM)法. 作者结合在手性荧光识别和手性药物领域的研究经历, 对上述方法的原理和应用进行了综述, 以期为手性化学及相关工作者提供有益的参考.

关键词: 手性化学, 手性化合物, 绝对构型确定, 核磁共振(NMR)法, X射线衍射(XRD)法, 光谱法

The absolute configuration (AC) assignment of chiral molecules is crucial to the research and application of chiral chemistry. In recent years, various methods for the AC determination for chiral compound fall mainly into three categories according to their principles. The first is the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based method for determining the AC of chiral compound by exciting the nucleus of the chiral compound in the chiral environment, including the NMR-based method using aromatic ring diamagnetic shielding effect and the NMR method using sugar shift effect. The second is X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods based on atomic resonance scattering, including single crystal and powder XRD. The third is based on the enantiomer refraction and absorption of polarized light, including optical rotation spectroscopy, electronic circular dichroism, vibration circular dichroism and vibration Raman spectroscopy. In addition, other methods such as enzyme-based and homobenzotetramisole (HBTM)-based methods are supplementary. Based on our research experiences in chiral fluorescent recognition and chiral drugs, the principles and application of these methods, aiming to afford beneficial references for chiral chemists and related workers are reviewed.

Key words: chiral chemistry, chiral compounds, absolute configuration assignment, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), spectroscopy