薄膜结构及形貌对钙钛矿电池性能的影响

doi:10.6023/A14100721

化学学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 73 ›› Issue (3): 267-271.DOI: 10.6023/A14100721 上一篇下一篇

所属专题：新型太阳能电池

研究论文

薄膜结构及形貌对钙钛矿电池性能的影响

邵志鹏^a, 潘旭^a, 张旭辉^a, 叶加久^a, 朱梁正^a, 李毅^a, 马艳梅^a, 黄阳^a, 朱俊^a, 胡林华^a, 孔凡太^a, 戴松元^a,b

a 中国科学院等离子体物理研究所新型薄膜太阳电池重点实验室合肥 230031;
b 华北电力大学新型薄膜太阳电池北京市重点实验室北京 102206

投稿日期:2014-10-17 发布日期:2014-12-25
通讯作者: 潘旭, 戴松元 E-mail:sydai@ipp.ac.cn;mars_dark@hotmail.com
基金资助:
项目受国家973计划(No. 2011CBA00700)、国家863计划(No. 2011AA050510)和国家自然科学基金(Nos. 21103197, 21273242)资助.

Influence of Structure and Morphology of Perovskite Films on the Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells

Shao Zhipeng^a, Pan Xu^a, Zhang Xuhui^a, Ye Jiajiu^a, Zhu Liangzheng^a, Li Yi^a, Ma Yanmei^a, Huang Yang^a, Zhu Jun^a, Hu Linhua^a, Kong Fantai^a, Dai Songyuan^a,b

a Key Laboratory of Novel Thin Film Solar Cells, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031;
b Beijing Key Laboratory of Novel Thin Film Solar Cells, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206

Received:2014-10-17 Published:2014-12-25
Supported by:
Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2011CBA00700), the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (No. 2011AA050510), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21103197, 21273242).

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摘要/Abstract

采用液相连续沉积法制备了有机/无机杂化钙钛矿太阳电池, 并研究了不同形貌钙钛矿(CH₃NH₃PbI₃)光活性层对太阳电池性能的影响. 实验结果表明在连续沉积法中PbI₂的结构对CH₃NH₃PbI₃层的形貌具有重要的影响, PbI₂薄膜中适当的孔洞结构有利于其与CH₃NH₃I充分反应形成CH₃NH₃PbI₃层. 致密的PbI₂层造成PbI₂的转化不完全, 导致CH₃NH₃PbI₃颗粒较小, 吸收较弱, 影响电池的短路电流. 而CH₃NH₃PbI₃颗粒过大会引起CH₃NH₃PbI₃薄膜孔洞产生, 造成电池的开路电压下降. 通过对电池制备工艺的优化获得了13.5%的最佳光电转换效率.

关键词: 有机/无机杂化, 钙钛矿, 制备工艺, 形貌, 太阳电池

Perovskite solar cells based on the inorganic/organic hybrid perovskite have attracted increasing attention over the past 3 years. Many studies have been done in this area. Controling the morphology of the perovskite film is an effective way to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the devices. In our reserch, we studied the influence of structure and morphology of perovskite films on the performance of the organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells which prepared by a sequential deposition method. Mesoporous TiO₂ scaffold were introduced as electron collecting layer. Lead iodide (PbI₂) was then spin cast on the TiO₂ scaffold. The PbI₂ subsequently transformed into the perovskite (CH₃NH₃PbI₃) by dipping the TiO₂/PbI₂ film into a solution of CH₃NH₃I. We studied the difference between the PbI₂ film with or without drying under room temperature after spin-coating. Through drying under room temperature, larger pores formed in the PbI₂ film. While without drying under room temperature, smaller and shallower pores formed in the PbI₂ film. The results show that larger pores in PbI₂ film leads to more complete transformation of PbI₂to CH₃NH₃PbI₃ and larger CH₃NH₃PbI₃ particles. CH₃NH₃PbI₃ films were prepared with three different processes: (a) direct dipping the PbI₂ film with smaller pores into the CH₃NH₃I solution; (b) direct dipping the PbI₂ with larger pores into the CH₃NH₃I solution; (c) dipping the PbI₂ with larger pores into the CH₃NH₃I solution after pre-wetting.The resulting CH₃NH₃PbI₃ films were studied with SEM, UV-vis absorption spectrum and XRD. The particles size of the CH₃NH₃PbI₃ are 150, 250 and 350 nm for process (a), (b) and (c) respectively. CH₃NH₃PbI₃ films fabricated through process (a) show insufficient absorption due to the insufficient transformation of the PbI₂. The pre-wetting procedure leads to slower reaction result in larger CH₃NH₃PbI₃ particle size. Devices with proper size of CH₃NH₃PbI₃ particles show the highest photoelectric conversion efficiency. An efficiency of 13.5% was achieved with a J_sc of 17.8 mA/cm², a V_oc of 1.05 V and a FF of 72.5%.

Key words: organic/inorganic hybrid, perovskite, preparation process, morphology, solar cell

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邵志鹏, 潘旭, 张旭辉, 叶加久, 朱梁正, 李毅, 马艳梅, 黄阳, 朱俊, 胡林华, 孔凡太, 戴松元. 薄膜结构及形貌对钙钛矿电池性能的影响[J]. 化学学报, 2015, 73(3): 267-271.

Shao Zhipeng, Pan Xu, Zhang Xuhui, Ye Jiajiu, Zhu Liangzheng, Li Yi, Ma Yanmei, Huang Yang, Zhu Jun, Hu Linhua, Kong Fantai, Dai Songyuan. Influence of Structure and Morphology of Perovskite Films on the Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells[J]. Acta Chim. Sinica, 2015, 73(3): 267-271.

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薄膜结构及形貌对钙钛矿电池性能的影响

Influence of Structure and Morphology of Perovskite Films on the Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells

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