沸石分子筛及其负载型催化剂去除VOCs研究进展

doi:10.6023/A18060250

摘要/Abstract

挥发性有机物（VOCs）的排放对自然环境、人类健康产生了严重危害，吸附法和催化氧化法是治理VOCs的有效方法.沸石分子筛含有丰富的微孔，比表面积大，且含有较多的酸位点，具有一定的催化活性，十分适合作为催化剂载体材料，被广泛应用于分离、吸附及催化等领域.本文综述了不同沸石分子筛吸附去除及沸石基负载型催化剂催化氧化去除烷烃、芳香烃、醛类、酮类、酸类、酯类、醇类及氯代烃等VOCs的研究进展.分析表明，沸石吸附剂的孔道结构、硅铝比、表面物理化学性质，VOCs种类、极性、亲水性，对沸石分子筛吸附性能影响较大；沸石载体表面酸碱度，催化剂活性组分种类、分散性，VOCs种类等是影响负载型催化剂催化活性的重要因素；沸石载体和活性组分之间存在协同作用，赋予了负载型催化剂优异的催化活性.沸石负载贵金属催化剂对各类VOCs的催化氧化性能优于沸石负载金属氧化物催化剂，但贵金属价格昂贵，成本较高，通过合理设计多组分金属氧化物催化剂，可显著提高负载型催化剂的催化活性.此外，本文对沸石分子筛及其负载型催化剂去除VOCs的未来研究方向进行了展望.

关键词: 挥发性有机物, 吸附, 催化氧化, 沸石分子筛, 负载型催化剂

The emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) causes serious harm to the natural environment and human health. Adsorption and catalytic oxidation are effective methods to control VOCs. With the large specific surface area, the uniform and controllable structure, and the surface acid sites, the zeolite is very suitable as the adsorbing materials and the catalyst carrier materials. It has been widely used in the fields of separation, adsorption and catalysis. This paper summarizes the recent research progress in the removal of different VOCs, such as alkanes, aromatic hydrocarbons, aldehydes, ketones, acids, esters, alcohols, and chlorinated hydrocarbons, over different zeolites and their various supported catalysts. The results show that the pore structure and surface properties of zeolite, the species, polarity and hydrophilicity of volatile organic compounds, have important effects on the adsorption properties of zeolite. The surface acidity of zeolite, the types and distribution of active catalysts, the types of VOCs, are the important factors for catalytic oxidation of volatile organic compounds. The synergistic effect between the zeolite and the active component allows the supported catalyst to exhibit excellent catalytic activity. Compared with zeolite-supported metal oxide catalysts, zeolite-supported noble metal catalysts have better catalytic activity for different VOCs, but noble metal catalysts are very expensive. The catalytic activity of zeolite-supported catalysts can be significantly improved by rationally designing multi-component metal oxides. In addition, the further research on the removal of VOCs by zeolite and its supported catalysts both is prospected.

Key words: volatile organic compounds, adsorption, catalytic oxidation, zeolite, supported catalysts

引用此文

冯爱虎, 于洋, 于云, 宋力昕. 沸石分子筛及其负载型催化剂去除VOCs研究进展[J]. 化学学报, 2018, 76(10): 757-773.

Feng Aihu, Yu Yang, Yu Yun, Song Lixin. Recent Progress in the Removal of Volatile Organic Compounds by Zeolite and Its Supported Catalysts[J]. Acta Chim. Sinica, 2018, 76(10): 757-773.

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