电沉积表面修饰对染料敏化太阳电池微观性能影响机理研究

doi:10.6023/A13010022

化学学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 71 ›› Issue (05): 777-781.DOI: 10.6023/A13010022 上一篇下一篇

研究论文

电沉积表面修饰对染料敏化太阳电池微观性能影响机理研究

寇东星^a, 刘伟庆^a,b, 胡林华^a, 陈双宏^a, 黄阳^a, 戴松元^a

a 中国科学院新型薄膜太阳电池重点实验室中国科学院等离子体物理研究所合肥 230031;
b 南昌航空大学测试与光电工程学院无损检测技术教育部重点实验室南昌 330063

投稿日期:2013-01-06 发布日期:2013-04-03
通讯作者: 戴松元,sydai@ipp.ac.cn E-mail:sydai@ipp.ac.cn
基金资助:
项目受国家重点基础研究发展计划(No. 2011CBA00700)、国家高技术研究发展计划(No. 2011AA050527)、国家自然科学基金(Nos. 21003130, 61204075, 21173228)、中国博士后科学基金(Nos. 20110490835, 2012T50581)和合肥物质科学研究院创新项目(No. Y05FCQ1125)资助.

Influence of Electrodeposition Post-Treatment on Microcosmic Performances in Dye-sensitized Solar Cells

Kou Dongxing^a, Liu Weiqing^a,b, Hu Linhua^a, Chen Shuanghong^a, Huang Yang^a, Dai Songyuan^a

a Key Laboratory of Novel Thin Film Solar Cells, Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031;
b Key Laboratory of Nondestructive Testing of Ministry of Education, School of Measuring and Optical Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063

Received:2013-01-06 Published:2013-04-03
Supported by:
Project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No. 2011CBA00700), the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2011AA050527), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 21003130, 61204075 and 21173228), Funds of the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science in Innovation Engineering (Grant No. Y05FCQ1125) and the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant Nos. 20110490835, 2012T50581).

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摘要/Abstract

为了改善染料敏化太阳电池内电子的传输复合过程, 研究者尝试不同方法制备或改性TiO₂薄膜. 对TiO₂薄膜进行后处理, 在其表面引入一层小颗粒层, 是一种有效的方法并被广泛研究. 通过对TiO₂薄膜不同时间的电沉积表面修饰, 细致研究了表面修饰后染料敏化太阳电池微观性能的变化机制. 采用阳极氧化法在TiCl₃水溶液中对TiO₂薄膜进行电沉积后处理, 将溶液pH值调至2.2, 装置的反应速率由恒电位仪控制. 不同沉积时间电池带边移动以及电子传输复合的动力学过程, 借助强度调制光电流谱(IMPS)/强度调制光电压谱(IMVS)和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)等探测技术表征. 研究表明, 电沉积在TiO₂薄膜表面引入了大量浅能级陷阱态, 以致电势较高时电容随沉积时间延长增加明显. 不同时间的电沉积表面修饰在TiO₂薄膜表面形成了新的小颗粒层并改善了TiO₂颗粒间接触, 在改善电子注入及收集过程的同时, 也有效抑制了内部电子复合. IMPS/IMVS结果表明, 电沉积对动力学过程改善的效果受光强影响明显, 弱光下作用更为突出. 此外, 电池开路电压主要受带边移动及内部复合变化影响, 随沉积时间延长, 表面电荷的增多使TiO₂薄膜带边逐渐正移, 有效改善了光电流却限制了开路电压的提升. 在适合的电沉积时间下, 电沉积表面修饰可以同时改善光电流和光电压.

关键词: 染料敏化, 太阳电池, 强度调制光电流谱/光电压谱, 电子复合, 电沉积

Over the last decade, different techniques had been employed to prepare nanoporous TiO₂ electrode, aiming to improve the electron transport and depress electron recombination processes in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). An effective method was a post-treatment of the TiO₂ films in which an extra layer of TiO₂ was grown onto the TiO₂ nanoparticles constituting the films. Different explanations of the working principle of this coating had been reported. In the present work, the influence of surface modification of TiO₂films on microcosmic performances of DSCs was investigated. Research was developed by the post-treatment of TiO₂ films using electrodeposition method. Ti⁴⁺ oxide films were deposited on TiO₂ electrode by anodic oxidative hydrolysis of acidic aqueous TiCl₃ solutions. The pH was adjusted to 2.2 and the rate of oxidation of Ti³⁺at the anode was controlled by an almost constant anodic current using constant potential rectifier. The processes of electron recombination, transport and band edge movement were detected by intensity-modulated photocurrent spectroscopy (IMPS)/intensity-modulated photovoltage spectroscopy (IMVS) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). It was found that the capacitance of TiO₂ electrode evidently increased with increasing electrodeposition time at high potentials due to the risen density of shallow traps. As the formation of small particles on the surface of TiO₂ films and the enhancement of particle connections, the post-treatment with different electrodeposition time improved the charge injection and transport processes and depressed the electron recombination effectively. IMPS/IMVS measurements indicated that the effects of surface modification almost relied on light intensities, which would perform more prominent function at low intensities. Additionally, the open-circuit photovoltage (V_oc) was found to be mainly effected by the conduction band edge shift and the variation of charge recombination process. With increasing electrodeposition time, the conduction band was ordinally positive shift due to the increase of surface charge, which contributed an improvement of short-circuit current (J_sc) but a limitation of V_oc. Overall, an optimal modification time was needed to achieve a higher J_sc and V_oc.

Key words: dye-sensitized, solar cells, IMPS/IMVS, electron recombination, electrodeposition

引用此文

寇东星, 刘伟庆, 胡林华, 陈双宏, 黄阳, 戴松元. 电沉积表面修饰对染料敏化太阳电池微观性能影响机理研究[J]. 化学学报, 2013, 71(05): 777-781.

Kou Dongxing, Liu Weiqing, Hu Linhua, Chen Shuanghong, Huang Yang, Dai Songyuan. Influence of Electrodeposition Post-Treatment on Microcosmic Performances in Dye-sensitized Solar Cells[J]. Acta Chimica Sinica, 2013, 71(05): 777-781.

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电沉积表面修饰对染料敏化太阳电池微观性能影响机理研究

Influence of Electrodeposition Post-Treatment on Microcosmic Performances in Dye-sensitized Solar Cells

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