化学学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 73 ›› Issue (6): 557-578.DOI: 10.6023/A15020106 上一篇    下一篇

所属专题: 共价有机多孔聚合物

综述

光电多孔共价有机材料的研究进展 2017 Awarded

万刚, 付宇昂, 郭佳宁, 向中华   

  1. 有机无机复合材料国家重点实验室 分子能源材料研发中心 北京化工大学 北京 100029
  • 投稿日期:2015-02-11 发布日期:2015-04-13
  • 通讯作者: 向中华 E-mail:xiangzh@mail.buct.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    项目受国家高技术研究发展计划(No. 863计划, 2012AA101809)、北京化工大学人才科研启动(No. buctrc201420)、有机无机复合材料国家重点实验室人才培育(Nos. OIC201403003, OIC201503002)和中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(No. ZY1508)资助.

Photoelectronic Porous Covalent Organic Materials: Research Progress and Perspective

Wan Gang, Fu Yu'ang, Guo Jianing, Xiang Zhonghua   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Molecular Energy Materials R&D Center, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029
  • Received:2015-02-11 Published:2015-04-13
  • Supported by:

    Project supported by the National Hi-tech R&D Program of China (No. 863 Program, 2012AA101809), the Start-up fund for talent introduction of Beijing University of Chemical Technology (No. buctrc201420), Talent cultivation of State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites (Nos. OIC201403003, OIC201503002) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (ZY1508).

多孔共价有机材料(Covalent Organic Materials: COMs)是一类通过共价键将不同几何构型和长度的有机配体组装成多维度多功能的多孔材料. 在COM材料体系中, 共轭结构赋予它优异的光电性质, 高的比表面积为静电电荷的分离提供了充裕的界面, 固有的可裁剪孔结构允许离子的传输, 加上高度有序的结构, 为载流子迁移提供了通道, 已经在半导体和能源转化与存储领域展示出诱人的潜力. 本综述围绕着COM材料, 总结其在半导体、能源转化(光解水、太阳能电池、燃料电池中的阴极氧化还原反应)、能源存储(锂电、锂硫、超级电容器)中的应用, 并根据当前研究现状, 提出了设计光电COM材料原理. 尽管光电COM材料的发展还处于萌芽期, 但它已经展示出不可低估的影响, 在半导体和新能源领域扮演着越来越重要的作用, 同时也给光电领域带来了新的机遇.

关键词: 共价有机骨架材料, 共价有机聚合物, 半导体, 光解水, 太阳能电池, 氧还原反应, 锂电池, 超级电容

Porous covalent organic materials (COM) are a class of multi-dimensional and multi-functional porous materials, which are built via covalent bond of colorful organic building blocks. COM materials possess inherent optimized pore size allowing ion migration, and high specific surface area, providing the possibility of formation of an electrostatic charge-separation layer, a conjugated system resulting in light-harvesting properties and a highly ordered structure, enabling the formation of conductive paths. In this review, we summary the applications on semiconductor, photolysis of water, solar cell, oxygen reduction reaction in fuel cell, lithium-ion/sulfur battery basing on COM materials. Meanwhile, we also propose the design strategy for photoelectronic materials. Although the development of COMs as photoelectronic materials is still in its infancy, COM materials has being attracting ever-increasing attention and open a new window in this field.

Key words: covalent organic frameworks, covalent organic polymers, semiconductor, photolysis of water, solar cell, oxygen reduction reaction, lithium ion battery, supercapacitor