地屈孕酮的形式合成: 一种温和的去芳构化策略★

doi:10.6023/cjoc202502033

有机化学 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (9): 3478-3485.DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202502033 上一篇下一篇

研究论文

地屈孕酮的形式合成: 一种温和的去芳构化策略^★

姚宏淼^b, 王少东^b, 元鑫鑫^b, 曾乾定^a, 江海^c, 邹义勇^c, 任江萌^b^,^*(), 张宇松^d^,^*(), 曾步兵^a^,^*()

^a 华东理工大学药学院化学生物学上海市重点实验室上海 200237
^b 华东理工大学药学院上海 200237
^c 台州仙琚药业有限公司浙江台州 317016
^d 浙江仙琚制药股份有限公司浙江台州 317300

收稿日期:2025-02-26 修回日期:2025-03-30 发布日期:2025-04-16

Formal Synthesis of Dydrogesterone: A Milder Dearomatization Strategy^★

Hongmiao Yao^b, Shaodong Wang^b, Xinxin Yuan^b, Qianding Zeng^a, Hai Jiang^c, Yiyong Zou^c, Jiangmeng Ren^b^,^*(), Yusong Zhang^d^,^*(), Bu-Bing Zeng^a^,^*()

^a Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237
^b School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237
^c Taizhou Xianju Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Taizhou, Zhejiang 317016
^d Zhejiang Xianju Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Taizhou, Zhejiang 317306

Received:2025-02-26 Revised:2025-03-30 Published:2025-04-16
Contact: *E-mail: renjm@ecust.edu.cn; cjq@xjpharma.com; zengbb@ecust.edu.cn
About author:
^★ Academic Papers of the 27^th Annual Meeting of the China Association for Science and Technology.

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摘要/Abstract

开发了一种以3-((3aS,4S,7aS)-7a-甲基-1,5-二氧代八氢-1H-茚-4-基)丙酸(6)为起始原料的去芳构化策略, 用于地屈孕酮的形式合成. 该策略通过9个步骤, 以21%的总收率获得地屈孕酮的核心中间体(10R,13S,14S)-10,13-二甲基- 7,10,11,12,13,14,15,16-八氢-3H-环戊[a]菲-3,17(6H)-二酮(20). 该策略的特点在于采用了环境友好的羰基保护策略和高效的Heck偶联反应, 同时在整个过程中避免了苛刻条件和有害试剂的使用.

关键词: 地屈孕酮, 去芳构化, 甾体, Heck偶联

A dearomatization strategy using dicetolic acid (6) as the starting material to synthesize the core intermediate (10R,13S,14S)-10,13-dimethyl-7,10,11,12,13,14,15,16-octahydro-3H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,17(6H)-dione (20) for the formal synthesis of dydrogesterone is presented, achieving a total yield of 21% over nine steps. This approach features an environmentally friendly carbonyl protection strategy and efficient Heck coupling, while avoiding harsh conditions and hazardous reagents throughout the entire process.

Key words: dydrogesterone, dearomatization, steroid, Heck coupling

引用此文

姚宏淼, 王少东, 元鑫鑫, 曾乾定, 江海, 邹义勇, 任江萌, 张宇松, 曾步兵. 地屈孕酮的形式合成: 一种温和的去芳构化策略^★[J]. 有机化学, 2025, 45(9): 3478-3485.

Hongmiao Yao, Shaodong Wang, Xinxin Yuan, Qianding Zeng, Hai Jiang, Yiyong Zou, Jiangmeng Ren, Yusong Zhang, Bu-Bing Zeng. Formal Synthesis of Dydrogesterone: A Milder Dearomatization Strategy^★[J]. Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2025, 45(9): 3478-3485.

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Entry	Solvent	Catalyst (Dosage/mol%)	EG/equiv.	T/℃	Yield^b/%
Entry	Solvent	Catalyst (Dosage/mol%)	EG/equiv.	T/℃	9	10	11
1	—	PTSA^c (3)	60	r.t.	35.1	29.9	24.3
2	CH₃CN	PTSA^c (3)	3	r.t.	37.4	19.2	32.2
3	CH₃CN	Oxalic acid (50)	2	80	11.4	6.7	N.D.
4	CH₃CN	Oxalic acid (50)	8	80	33.2	19.3	N.D.
5	CH₃CN	Oxalic acid (50)	25	80	59.6	23.5.	Trace
6	CH₃CN	PVP-I (3)	2	60	9.8	N.D.	N.D.
7	CH₃CN	PVP-I (3)	3	60	68.3	23.4	N.D.
8	CH₃CN	PVP-I (3)	8	60	42.6	29.7	Trace
9	CH₃CN	PVP-I (3)	30	60	26.5	42.3.	54.2
10	—	PVP-I (3)	60	60	Trace	N.D.	N.D.
11	EtOAc	PVP-I (3)	3	60	15.8	Trace	N.D.
12	THF	PVP-I (3)	3	60	25.7	Trace	N.D.
13	CH₃CN	PVP-I (3)	3	r.t.	39.5	9.5	N.D.
14	CH₃CN	PVP-I (3)	3	80	45.3	21.3	29.4

Entry	Solvent	Catalyst (Dosage/mol%)	EG/equiv.	T/℃	Yield^b/%
Entry	Solvent	Catalyst (Dosage/mol%)	EG/equiv.	T/℃	9	10	11
1	—	PTSA^c (3)	60	r.t.	35.1	29.9	24.3
2	CH₃CN	PTSA^c (3)	3	r.t.	37.4	19.2	32.2
3	CH₃CN	Oxalic acid (50)	2	80	11.4	6.7	N.D.
4	CH₃CN	Oxalic acid (50)	8	80	33.2	19.3	N.D.
5	CH₃CN	Oxalic acid (50)	25	80	59.6	23.5.	Trace
6	CH₃CN	PVP-I (3)	2	60	9.8	N.D.	N.D.
7	CH₃CN	PVP-I (3)	3	60	68.3	23.4	N.D.
8	CH₃CN	PVP-I (3)	8	60	42.6	29.7	Trace
9	CH₃CN	PVP-I (3)	30	60	26.5	42.3.	54.2
10	—	PVP-I (3)	60	60	Trace	N.D.	N.D.
11	EtOAc	PVP-I (3)	3	60	15.8	Trace	N.D.
12	THF	PVP-I (3)	3	60	25.7	Trace	N.D.
13	CH₃CN	PVP-I (3)	3	r.t.	39.5	9.5	N.D.
14	CH₃CN	PVP-I (3)	3	80	45.3	21.3	29.4

Entry	Catalyst	Base	Additive	T/℃	Yield^b/%
1	Pd(OAc)₂	K₃PO₄	—	140	52
2	PdCl₂	K₃PO₄	—	140	49
3	PdCl₂(PPh₃)₂	K₃PO₄	—	140	43
4	Pd(PPh₃)₄	K₃PO₄	—	140	25
5	Pd/C	K₃PO₄	—	140	29
7	Pd(OAc)₂	K₂CO₃	—	140	46
8	Pd(OAc)₂	NaHCO₃	—	140	43
9	Pd(OAc)₂	Na₂CO₃	—	140	61
10	Pd(OAc)₂	Na₂CO₃	PPh₃	140	69
11^d	Pd(OAc)₂	Na₂CO₃	P(o-Tol)₃^c	140	85
12^d	Pd(OAc)₂	Na₂CO₃	P(o-Tol)₃	150	78
13^d	Pd(OAc)₂	Na₂CO₃	P(o-Tol)₃	100	67

Entry	Catalyst	Base	Additive	T/℃	Yield^b/%
1	Pd(OAc)₂	K₃PO₄	—	140	52
2	PdCl₂	K₃PO₄	—	140	49
3	PdCl₂(PPh₃)₂	K₃PO₄	—	140	43
4	Pd(PPh₃)₄	K₃PO₄	—	140	25
5	Pd/C	K₃PO₄	—	140	29
7	Pd(OAc)₂	K₂CO₃	—	140	46
8	Pd(OAc)₂	NaHCO₃	—	140	43
9	Pd(OAc)₂	Na₂CO₃	—	140	61
10	Pd(OAc)₂	Na₂CO₃	PPh₃	140	69
11^d	Pd(OAc)₂	Na₂CO₃	P(o-Tol)₃^c	140	85
12^d	Pd(OAc)₂	Na₂CO₃	P(o-Tol)₃	150	78
13^d	Pd(OAc)₂	Na₂CO₃	P(o-Tol)₃	100	67

地屈孕酮的形式合成: 一种温和的去芳构化策略^★

Formal Synthesis of Dydrogesterone: A Milder Dearomatization Strategy^★

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地屈孕酮的形式合成: 一种温和的去芳构化策略★

Formal Synthesis of Dydrogesterone: A Milder Dearomatization Strategy★

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地屈孕酮的形式合成: 一种温和的去芳构化策略^★

Formal Synthesis of Dydrogesterone: A Milder Dearomatization Strategy^★