Transition Metal-Catalyzed Asymmetric Cyclizations Involving Allyl or Propargyl Heteroatom-Dipole Precursors

doi:10.6023/cjoc202206028

Abstract

Chiral heterocyclic compounds are an important class of chiral substances, which are widespread in many chiral drugs, pesticides and catalysts. Therefore, the efficient asymmetric synthesis of these compounds becomes a research hotspot in organic synthesis. Transition metal-catalyzed asymmetric cyclization with heteroatom-dipole precursors is an important method to construct these frameworks. Among them, the heteroatom-dipole precursors designed based on transition metal-catalyzed allyl or propargyl substitutions have been extensively studied in the past two decades and occupied an important role in this field. The transition metal-catalyzed asymmetric cyclizations with allyl or propargyl heteroatom-dipole precursors are introduced in detail. The advantages and existing problems of the current methods are analyzed, which would provide useful reference for the researchers in asymmetric synthesis and related fields.

Key words: transition metal catalysis, heteroatom dipole, asymmetric cyclization

Cite this article

Jian Zhang, Ying Chen, Quannan Wang, Jiahuan Shen, Yangzi Liu, Weiping Deng. Transition Metal-Catalyzed Asymmetric Cyclizations Involving Allyl or Propargyl Heteroatom-Dipole Precursors[J]. Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2022, 42(10): 3051-3101.

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Fig. & Tab. 119

Figure 1. Common transition metal stabilized heteroatom dipoles

Scheme 1. Alkenyl/propargyl heteroatom-dipole precursors

Scheme 2. The first Pd-catalyzed asymmetric cyclizations of vinyl aziridines

Scheme 3. Asymmetric [3+3] cyclizations of nitrogen heterocycles with vinyl aziridines to piperazinones

Scheme 4. Pd-catalyzed asymmetric [3+2] cyclizations of vinyl aziridines with α,β-unsaturated ketones

Scheme 5. Pd-catalyzed asymmetric [3+2] cyclizations of vinyl aziridines with methyleneindolones

Scheme 6. Pd/Secondary amine co-catalyzed asymmetric [3+2] cyclizations of vinyl aziridines with enals

Scheme 7. Catalytic asymmetric dearomatizations of vinyl aziridines

Scheme 8. Pd-catalyzed asymmetric [3+2] cyclizations of vinyl aziridines with N-sulfonylimides

Scheme 9. Pd-catalyzed asymmetric [4+3] cyclizations of vinylaziridines with para-quinone derivatives

Scheme 10. Pd-catalyzed asymmetric [3+2] cyclizations of vinyl aziridines with indane-1,3-diones

Scheme 11. Three-catalyst co-catalyzed synthesis of the chiral alkenyl pyrrolidone

Scheme 12. [4+3] cyclizations to access benzodiazepinones and benzoxazepinones via N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC)/Ir/urea catalysis

Scheme 13. The first Pd-catalyzed asymmetric reactions of vinyl benzoxazinones

Scheme 14. Pd-catalyzed asymmetric [4+1] cyclizations of vinyl benzoxazinanones with sulphur ylides

Scheme 15. Proposed mechanism of asymmetric [4+1] cyclizations of vinyl benzoxazinanones with sulphur ylides

Scheme 16. Pd/Amine co-catalyzed asymmetric [4+2] cyclizations of vinyl benzoxazinanones with enals

Scheme 17. Pd/NHC co-catalyzed asymmetric [4+3] cyclizations of vinyl benzoxazinanones with enals

Scheme 18. Proposed mechanism of asymmetric [4+3] cyclizations of vinyl benzoxazinanones with enals

Scheme 19. Pd-catalyzed asymmetric [4+2] cyclizations involving novel P,S-ligands

Scheme 20. Sequential visible-light photoactivation and palladium catalysis enabling asymmetric [4+2] cyclizations

Scheme 21. Pd-catalyzed asymmetric cyclizations of vinyl benzoxazinanones with isatin derivatives

Scheme 22. Pd-catalyzed asymmetric synthesis of chiral dihydroquinazolinones

Scheme 23. Pd-catalyzed asymmetric cyclizations of vinyl benzoxazinanones with aryl acetic acids

Scheme 24. Pd-catalyzed asymmetric [4+2] cyclizations of vinyl benzoxazinanones with cyclic imines

Scheme 25. Pd-catalyzed asymmetric cyclizations of vinyl benzoxazinanones with exo-cyclic olefins

Scheme 26. Pd-catalyzed asymmetric dearomatizations of indoles with vinyl benzoxazinanones

Scheme 27. Inverse-electron-demand Pd-catalyzed asymmetric [4+2] cyclizations

Scheme 28. Pd-catalyzed regioselective asymmetric cyclizations of vinyl benzoxazinanones with azadienes

Scheme 29. Pd-catalyzed synthesis of chiral spiropyrazolones via [4+2] catalytic asymmetric cyclizations

Scheme 30. Pd-catalyzed asymmetric synthesis of 1,2,4-benzotriazepines

Scheme 31. Pd-catalyzed asymmetric intramolecular cyclizations of vinyl benzoxazinanones

Scheme 32. Synthesis of chiral indole spiro compounds catalyzed by Ir/tertiary amines co-catalysis

Scheme 33. Pd-catalyzed asymmetric [8+2] cyclizations of vinyl oxazinones with photogenerated ketenes

Scheme 34. Pd-catalyzed asymmetric [3+2] cyclizations of vinyl oxazolidinones with alkenes

Scheme 35. Pd-catalyzed asymmetric [3+2] cyclizations of vinyl oxazolidinones with sulfonyl imines

Scheme 36. Regio-divergent asymmetric cyclizations of vinyl indolooxazolones

Scheme 37. Proposed mechanism for asymmetric [3+2] cyclizations of vinyl indolooxazolones with aryl acetic anhydrides

Scheme 38. Regio-divergent asymmetric cyclizations of vinyl indolooxazolones with cyclic imines

Scheme 39. Pd-Catalyzed asymmetric [3+2] cyclizations of vinylethylene carbonates with formaldehyde

Scheme 40. Pd-Catalyzed asymmetric [3+2] cyclizations of vinylethylene carbonates with nitrile substituted alkenes

Scheme 41. Pd-Catalyzed asymmetric [3+2] cyclizations of vinylethylene carbonates with isocyanates

Scheme 42. Pd-Catalyzed asymmetric [3+2] cyclizations of vinylethylene carbonates with imines

Scheme 43. Pd-catalyzed asymmetric [3+2] cyclizations of vinylethylene carbonates with 3-cyanochromones

Scheme 44. Pd/Squaramide co-catalyzed asymmetric [3+2] cyclizations of vinylethylene carbonates with β-nitroolefins

Scheme 45. Palladium catalyzed asymmetric [3+2] cyclizations of vinylethylene carbonates with 2-nitroacrylates

Scheme 46. Asymmetric cascade reactions of vinyl ethylene carbonates with pyrone derivatives

Scheme 47. Catalytic asymmetric [3+2] cyclizations of vinyl ethylene carbonates with cyclic imines

Scheme 48. Construction of chiral furanospiroindoles of vinyl ethylene carbonates

Scheme 49. Ir/NHC co-catalyzed asymmetric cyclizations for the construction of chiral lactones

Scheme 50. Catalytic asymmetric cyclizations of vinyl ethylene carbonates with difluoroalkenes

Scheme 51. Pd-catalyzed asymmetric cyclizations for multistereogenic tetrahydrofurans

Scheme 52. Pd/Rh co-catalyzed asymmetric [3+2] cyclizations

Scheme 53. Ir/Cu co-catalyzed asymmetric [3+2] cyclizations of vinyl ethylene carbonates with azomethine ylides

Scheme 54. Asymmetric cyclizations of vinyl ethylene carbonates and isatoic anhydride derivatives

Scheme 55. Synthesis of endocyclic allenes by [3+2] cyclization/Cope rearrangement cascade reactions

Scheme 56. [3+2] Cyclizations of polysubstituted vinyl ethylene carbonates with isocyanates or ketones

Scheme 57. Construction of chiral nine-membered rings involving vinyl ethylene carbonates

Scheme 58. Co-catalyzed asymmetric cyclizations of vinyl ethylene carbonates with enals

Scheme 59. Pd/NHC co-catalyzed asymmetric [5+2] cyclizations

Scheme 60. Sequential visible-light photoactivation and palladium catalysis enabling asymmetric [5+2] cyclizations

Scheme 61. Construction of chiral eight-membered rings involving vinyl ethylene carbonates

Scheme 62. Asymmetric [5+2] cyclizations of vinyl ethylene carbonates with benzimide sulfonates

Scheme 63. Catalytic asymmetric [5+4] cyclizations of vinyl ethylene carbonates with oxadienes

Scheme 64. Catalytic asymmetric cyclizations of vinyl ethylene carbonates with benzoxazinones

Scheme 65. Catalytic asymmetric [5+4] cyclizations of vinyl ethylene carbonates with enynamides

Scheme 66. The first report of Pd-catalyzed asymmetric cyclizations of vinyloxiranes

Scheme 67. Total synthesis of natural product (-)-Acosamine

Scheme 68. Pd-Catalyzed asymmetric cyclizations of vinyloxiranes with isocyanates (carbodiimides)

Scheme 69. Pd- or Ni-catalyzed asymmetric cyclizations of vinyloxiranes with imines

Scheme 70. Rh-catalyzed asymmetric [3+2] cyclizations of vinyloxiranes with imine derivatives

Scheme 71. Pd-catalyzed asymmetric [3+2] cyclizations of vinyloxiranes with nitroalkenes

Scheme 72. Pd-catalyzed asymmetric [3+2] cyclizations of vinyloxiranes with para-quinone methylates

Scheme 73. Pd-catalyzed asymmetric [3+2] cyclizations of vinyloxiranes with α,β-unsaturated ketones

Scheme 74. Pd-catalyzed asymmetric dearomatizations with vinyloxiranes

Scheme 75. Pd-catalyzed asymmetric cyclizations of vinyloxiranes with polysubstituted nitroalkenes

Scheme 76. Pd-catalyzed asymmetric [3+2] cyclizations of vinyloxiranes with allenic amides

Scheme 77. Synthesis of chiral isonucleoside analogues by Pd-catalyzed asymmetric cyclizations

Scheme 78. Pd-Catalyzed asymmetric [3+2] cyclizations of vinyloxiranes with N-benzothiazolimines

Scheme 79. Pd-Catalyzed asymmetric [3+2] cyclizations of vinyloxiranes with azadienes

Scheme 80. Stereo-divergent synthesis of chiral spiro componds

Scheme 81. Rh-catalyzed asymmetric additions using the spiro product as the N-olefin ligand

Scheme 82. Pd-catalyzed asymmetric [3+2] cyclizations of vinyloxiranes with activated alkynes

Scheme 83. Ni/NHC co-catalyzed asymmetric [3+3] cyclizations

Scheme 84. Catalytic asymmetric cyclizations of methylenedioxanones

Scheme 85. Visible light-induced asymmetric cyclizations of methylenedioxanones

Scheme 86. Asymmetric [4+3] cyclizations of methylenedioxanones with MBH carbonates

Scheme 87. Asymmetric [4+3] cyclizations of methylenedioxanones with MBH carbonates

Scheme 88. Stereodivergent synthesis of the product 276a

Scheme 89. Synthesis of chiral cyclic and acyclic gem-difluoromethylenes

Scheme 90. Catalytic asymmetric [4+2] cyclizations of alken- yldioxanones with formaldehyde

Scheme 91. Catalytic asymmetric [4+2] cyclizations of alken- yldioxanones with nitroalkenes

Scheme 92. The first case of Pd-catalyzed asymmetric reactions of vinyl oxetanes

Scheme 93. Pd-catalyzed asymmetric cyclizations of vinyl oxetanes with formaldehyde

Scheme 94. Asymmetric synthesis of the triol compound

Scheme 95. Asymmetric synthesis of indole fused rings

Scheme 96. Asymmetric [4+2] cyclizations of vinyl aminoalcohols and aldehydes or β,γ-unsaturated ketones

Scheme 97. Iridium-catalyzed asymmetric allylation/ring expansion reactions to construct benzo heterocyclic rings

Scheme 98. Iridium/gold catalyzed asymmetric cyclizations for synthesis of spiroketals and spiroaminals

Scheme 99. Catalytic asymmetric cyclizations of aza-allyl carbonates and isocyanates

Scheme 100. Ir/NHC co-catalyzed regio/stereodivergent asymmetric [3+2]/[3+3] cyclizations

Scheme 101. Ligand-controlled, palladium-catalyzed regio-selectively asymmetric [4+2]/[4+4] cyclizations

Scheme 102. Catalytic asymmetric cyclizations of 2-vinylthi- iranes and heterocumulenes

Scheme 103. Cu-catalyzed asymmetric [4+1] cyclizations of ethynyl benzoxazinones with sulfur ylides

Scheme 104. Pd-catalyzed asymmetric [4+2] cyclizations of ethynyl benzoxazinones with indoles

Scheme 105. Co-catalyzed asymmetric cyclizations of ethynyl benzoxazinones with arylacetic acids

Scheme 106. Cu-catalyzed asymmetric [4+2] cyclizations of ethynyl benzoxazinones with silyloxyfurans

Scheme 107. Cu-catalyzed asymmetric cyclizations of ethynyl benzoxazinones with hexahydro-1,3,5-triazines

Scheme 108. Cu-catalyzed asymmetric cyclizations of ethynyl benzoxazinones with azomethine imines

Scheme 109. Co-catalyzed asymmetric [4+2] cyclizations of ethynyl benzoxazinones with azlactones

Scheme 110. Cu-catalyzed asymmetric [4+2] cyclizations of ethynyl benzoxazinones with azlactones

Scheme 111. Co-catalyzed asymmetric [4+3] cyclizations of ethynyl benzoxazinones with enals

Scheme 112. Catalytic asymmetric [3+2] cyclizations of ethy- nyl oxazolidinone with malononitrile

Scheme 113. Catalytic asymmetric [3+2] cyclizations of ethy- nyl oxazolidinones with γ-butenolides

Scheme 114. Cu-catalyzed asymmetric [3+2] cyclizations of ethynyl indolooxazolidones with azlactones

Scheme 115. Catalytic asymmetric cyclizations of ethynyl indoloxazolidones with aryl acetic acids

Scheme 116. Co-catalyzed asymmetric [3+2] cyclizations of ethynyl ethylene carbonates with malononitriles

Scheme 117. Co-catalyzed asymmetric [4+3] cyclizations of ethynyl ethylene carbonates with enals

Scheme 118. Catalytic asymmetric [3+2] cyclizations of ethy- nyl ethylene carbonates with azlactones

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