Ligand-Free Copper-Catalyzed Oxidative Rearrangement of Tetrahydro-β-carbolines

doi:10.6023/cjoc202602003

Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry Previous Articles Next Articles

ARTICLE

无配体铜催化四氢-β-咔啉的氧化重排反应

李凌岳^†, 张嘉沛^†, 张硕, 崔露元, 刘希功^*, 刘磊

山东大学化学与化工学院济南 250100

收稿日期:2026-02-02 修回日期:2026-03-21
作者简介:^†共同第一作者.
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(Nos.22571185, 22425108), 国家重点研发计划(2024YFA1509204, 2024YFA1509202), 山东省泰山学者计划, 山东省自然科学基金(ZR2025MS252)资助项目.

Ligand-Free Copper-Catalyzed Oxidative Rearrangement of Tetrahydro-β-carbolines

Lingyue Li^†, Jiapei Zhang^†, Shuo Zhang, Luyuan Cui, Xigong Liu^*, Lei Liu

School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China

Received:2026-02-02 Revised:2026-03-21
Contact: *E-mail: xigongliu@sdu.edu.cn
About author:^†These authors contributed equally to this work.
Supported by:
National Science Foundation of China (Nos.22571185 and 22425108), the National Basic Research Program of China (2024YFA1509204 and 2024YFA1509202), the Taishan Scholar Program at Shandong Province, the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong (ZR2025MS252).

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Abstract

The oxidative rearrangement of indoles has emerged as a prominent and highly efficient strategy for accessing spirooxindoles, a privileged scaffold prevalent among bioactive molecules and natural products. Herein, we report a ligand-free copper-catayzed oxidative rearrangement of indoles, affording structurally diverse spirooxindoles in 90˗96% yields under mild reaction conditions. The reaction exhibits excellent functional group tolerance and a broad substrate scope, with the ligand-free conditions significantly enhancing its synthetic utility.

Key words: ligand-free, earth-abundant metal catalysis, copper-catalyzed, spirooxindole, oxidative rearrangement

Cite this article

Lingyue Li, Jiapei Zhang, Shuo Zhang, Luyuan Cui, Xigong Liu, Lei Liu. Ligand-Free Copper-Catalyzed Oxidative Rearrangement of Tetrahydro-β-carbolines[J]. Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry, doi: 10.6023/cjoc202602003.

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无配体铜催化四氢-β-咔啉的氧化重排反应

Ligand-Free Copper-Catalyzed Oxidative Rearrangement of Tetrahydro-β-carbolines

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