有机化学 ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (5): 1375-1386.DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202112022 上一篇    下一篇

综述与进展

肠道微生物菌群成像标记策略及其应用的研究进展

李娜, 谭啸峰*(), 杨晴来*()   

  1. 南华大学衡阳医学院 基础医学院 肿瘤研究所 湖南省肿瘤细胞与分子病理学重点实验室分子影像探针实验室 湖南衡阳 421001
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-17 修回日期:2022-01-22 发布日期:2022-02-10
  • 通讯作者: 谭啸峰, 杨晴来
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(81801749); 湖南省重点研发计划(2022SK2053); 湖南省科技创新计划“湖湘青年英才”(2021RC3106)

Recent Progress on Strategies and Applications of Imaging for Intestinal Microflora

Na Li, Xiaofeng Tan(), Qinglai Yang()   

  1. Center for Molecular Imaging Probe, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, School of Preclinical Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001
  • Received:2021-12-17 Revised:2022-01-22 Published:2022-02-10
  • Contact: Xiaofeng Tan, Qinglai Yang
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(81801749); Key Research and Development Program of Hunan Province(2022SK2053); Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province “Huxiang Young Talents Plan”(2021RC3106)

哺乳动物肠道中的微生物菌群在维持宿主生理状态和病理改变中起着非常重要的作用, 因此肠道微生物菌群的检测对宿主健康有着重要意义. 传统的染色标记方法存在着特异性差、与活菌不相容、受其他影响因素多等问题, 因此限制了对肠道微生物形态以及功能方面的深入研究. 在众多的成像技术中, 荧光成像技术可以显示肠道中共生菌、致病菌以及机会性致病菌的位置, 还可以提供有关细菌活力、代谢交换以及宿主和微生物之间的免疫相互作用等信息, 且荧光成像检测技术具有无创、对组织损伤小、特异性高、灵敏度高等优点, 所以在肠道微生物检测中得到了广泛的应用. 荧光成像技术在肠道微生物菌群成像研究方面发挥着重要作用, 而性能优越的荧光标记探针是肠道微生物菌群荧光成像的关键因素. 本篇综述主要总结了针对不同的肠道菌群而设计的标记策略, 主要包括荧光探针和同位素探针, 分别就代谢标记、非代谢标记以及代谢产物的特异性标记等方法进行了总结讨论, 最后对该研究方向的发展前景进行了展望.

关键词: 肠道微生物成像, 荧光探针, 生物正交反应, 肽聚糖标记, D-型氨基酸代谢标记

The microflora in the mammalian gut plays an essential role in maintaining the physiological states and pathological changes of the host, and it is of significance for host health to detect the microflora in the gut. However, the traditional staining methods for bacteria have some drawbacks, such as poor specificity, incompatibility with living cells, and susceptibility, thereby limiting further study on the morphology and function of intestinal microflora. The fluorescence imaging technique could accurately reveal the location of symbiotic, pathogenic, and opportunistic bacteria in the intestine. The fluorescence imaging technique could reflect some information, including bacterial activity, metabolic exchange, and immune interactions between the host and the microbe due to its advantages of non-invasive, less tissue damage, higher specificity, and sensitivity, thereby being widely utilized in bacterial detection. More importantly, the fluorescent-labeled probes are the critical factor in the fluorescence imaging of intestinal microflora, promoting the development of fluorescence imaging technology continuously. This review summarizes the labeling strategies designed for different intestinal microflora, including fluorescent probes and isotope probes, and disscussed the metabolic labeling, the methods of non-metabolic labeling and the specific labeling of metabolites, finally providing a prospect for the development of the fluorescent-labeled probes for intestinal microflora.

Key words: intestinal microflora imaging, fluorescent probes, bioorthogonal reaction, peptidoglycan labeling, D-amino acid metabolic labeling