有机化学 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (2): 612-623.DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202506008 上一篇    下一篇

研究论文

以偶氮二甲酸二乙酯为碳源合成N-酯基咔唑

樊良鑫a, 时梦瑶a, 刘兴源a, 潘振良a, 杨国玉a, 吴璐璐a, 薛晓平a,*(), 代莉b,*(), 徐翠莲a,*()   

  1. a 河南农业大学理学院 郑州 450002
    b 河南农业大学林学院 郑州 450046
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-04 修回日期:2025-08-18 发布日期:2025-10-09
  • 通讯作者: 薛晓平, 代莉, 徐翠莲
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(22301064); 中原教学名师(21XM0429); 河南省博士后科研启动项目(25XM0040); 河南农业大学专项创新基金(KJCX2021C05); 河南省研究生教育改革与质量提升工程项目(YJS2024AL060); 河南省研究生教育改革与质量提升工程项目(YJS2025KC21); 河南农业大学研究生教育教学改革研究与实践项目(2025YJSJGSJ024); 河南省科技攻关(252102111107)

Synthesis of N-Ester Carbazoles Using Diethyl Azodicarboxylate as Carbon Source

Liangxin Fana, Mengyao Shia, Xingyuan Liua, Zhenliang Pana, Guoyu Yanga, Lulu Wua, Xiaoping Xuea,*(), Li Daib,*(), Cuilian Xua,*()   

  1. a College of Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002
    b College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046
  • Received:2025-06-04 Revised:2025-08-18 Published:2025-10-09
  • Contact: Xiaoping Xue, Li Dai, Cuilian Xu
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(22301064); Central Plains Teaching Master Project(21XM0429); Postdoctoral Research Launch Project of Henan Province(25XM0040); Special Innovation Fund of Henan Agricultural University(KJCX2021C05); Postgraduate Education Reform and Quality Improvement Project of Henan Province(YJS2024AL060); Postgraduate Education Reform and Quality Improvement Project of Henan Province(YJS2025KC21); Graduate Education Reform Project of Henan Agricultural University(2025YJSJGSJ024); Science and Technology Research Project of Henan Province(252102111107)

开发了一种在碱促进下以偶氮二甲酸二乙酯(DEAD)作为碳源的二级芳胺N-酰基化合成新策略, 使用咔唑化合物与DEAD为原料, 以15%~94%的收率合成了一系列结构多样的N-酯基咔唑化合物. 该方法无需过渡金属参与, 具有原料廉价易得、反应条件绿色环保、操作简单、底物范围宽泛和反应快速等优点, 为简单高效地合成N-取代咔唑提供了一种便捷的途径. 克级(10 mmol)规模的合成实验与产物衍生化研究, 进一步证实了该方法的实际应用价值. 反应机理研究表明, 该反应经历了咔唑在碱作用下的去质子化、氮负离子对DEAD的亲核进攻以及消除等过程.

关键词: 咔唑, N-酰基化, 偶氮二甲酸二乙酯

A novel strategy for the N-acylation of secondary arylamines using diethyl azodicarboxylate (DEAD) as the carbon source under base promotion is presented. Carbazole compounds and DEAD were utilized as substrates, affording a series of diverse N-ester carbazole compounds in 15%~94% yields. This approach proceeds under transition metal-free conditions, and offers the advantages of commercially available and inexpensive starting materials, green and mild reaction conditions, operational simplicity, broad substrate scope, and short reaction times. It provides a convenient method for the simple and efficient synthesis of N-substituted carbazoles. The practical application of this method was demonstrated by the gram-scale (10 mmol) synthesis and product derivatizations. Investigation of reaction mechanism suggests that the reaction proceeds via deprotonation of carbazole under basic conditions, followed by nucleophilic attack of the resulting nitrogen anion on DEAD, and subsequent elimination.

Key words: carbazole, N-acylation, diethyl azodicarboxylate