有机化学 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (5): 2010-2016.DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202511012 上一篇    下一篇

研究论文

碱促进的酰胺与炔丙基卤代物串联环化高效构建噁唑骨架

罗倩婷a,b, 焦丽萍c, 种雪兰b, 张建欣b, 王庆兵b,*(), 何华锋*()   

  1. a 山东第一医科大学(山东省科学院)药学院(药物研究所) 济南 271016
    b 济宁医学院药学院 山东日照 276826
    c 山东中医药大学药学院 济南 250355
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-30 修回日期:2026-03-05 发布日期:2026-03-20
  • 基金资助:
    日照市自然科学基金(RZ2021ZR27)

Efficient Construction of Oxazole via Base-Promoted Tandem Cyclization Reaction of Amides and Propargyl Halides

Qianting Luoa,b, Liping Jiaoc, Xuelan Chongb, Jianxin Zhangb, Qingbing Wangb,*(), Huafeng He*()   

  1. a School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Institute of Materia Medica, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 271016
    b School of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, Shandong 276826
    c School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355
  • Received:2025-12-30 Revised:2026-03-05 Published:2026-03-20
  • Contact: * E-mail: wangqb@mail.jnmc.edu.cn; captainhuafeng@mail.jnmc.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    Rizhao Natural Science Foundation(RZ2021ZR27)

选用廉价的苯甲酰胺与炔丙基卤化物为底物, 甲醇钾为碱, 在120 ℃条件下反应3 h, 高效制得2-芳基-5-甲基噁唑系列化合物. 该策略在碱的驱动下, 串联炔烃卤代物与酰胺顺序发生亲核取代反应、酰胺的烯醇化与不饱和键的分子内亲核加成反应, 以中等到优异的产率得到19个噁唑类化合物, 对芳香族、脂肪族酰胺均表现出较高的兼容性. 反应无需过渡金属催化剂, 为噁唑骨架的高效构建提供了一条简便可行的新途径.

关键词: 噁唑, 串联反应, 炔丙基, 酰胺, 绿色合成

Oxazole has a unique heterocyclic structure and is the parent nucleus in various natural active products and pharmaceutical molecules. It is important to develop an efficient approach to construct oxazole, as well as for new drug research and development. In this study, a series of 2-aryl-5-methyl oxazoles were obtained with high efficiency at 120 ℃ for 3 h, using potassium methoxide as the base, and benzamides and propargyl halides as the substrates. This base-driven strategy involves a cascade sequence: nucleophilic substitution between the propargyl halide and amide, enolization of the amide, and intramolecular nucleophilic addition to the unsaturated bond. This approach exhibits high compatibility with aromatic and aliphatic amides, producing 19 oxazole compounds with moderate yields (including 5 new compounds). This study provides a new approach for the efficient construction of oxazole skeleton with convenience and feasibility, laying a solid foundation for subsequent bioactivity selectivity of oxazole-based lead compounds and new drug development.

Key words: oxazole, tandem reactions, propynyl group, amide, green synthesis