Fluorescent Detection of Succinylcholine via an Amide Naphthotube-Based Indicator Displacement Assay

doi:10.6023/cjoc202412027

Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (8): 2953-2959.DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202412027 Previous Articles Next Articles

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基于酰胺萘管的指示剂置换法对琥珀酰胆碱的荧光检测

尹烨^a^,^†, 王惠^b^,^†, 吴建芳^c, 王力立^c, 杨留攀^c, 赵承达^b^,^*(), 姚欢^c^,^*()

^a 南华大学附属第一医院湖南衡阳 421001
^b 南华大学附属南华医院湖南衡阳 421001
^c 南华大学药学院湖南衡阳 421001

收稿日期:2024-12-26 修回日期:2025-02-24 发布日期:2025-03-24
作者简介:
†共同第一作者.
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(22174059); 国家自然科学基金(22201128); 湖南省自然科学基金(2022JJ40363); 湖南省自然科学基金(2022JJ40365); 湖南青年科技创新计划(2022RC1230)

Fluorescent Detection of Succinylcholine via an Amide Naphthotube-Based Indicator Displacement Assay

Ye Yin^a, Hui Wang^b, Jianfang Wu^c, Lili Wang^c, Liupan Yang^c, Chengda Zhao^b^,^*(), Huan Yao^c^,^*()

^a The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001
^b Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001
^c School of Pharmaceutical Science, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001

Received:2024-12-26 Revised:2025-02-24 Published:2025-03-24
Contact: *E-mail:zcd880413@163.com;yaoh@usc.edu.cn
About author:
†These authors contributed equally to this work.
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(22174059); National Natural Science Foundation of China(22201128); Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2022JJ40363); Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2022JJ40365); Young Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(2022RC1230)

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Abstract

Succinylcholine (SC) is a widely used depolarizing muscle relaxant, but improper use can lead to arrhythmias and, in severe cases, pose a life-threatening risk. Additionally, some criminals exploit SC for illicit activities. Therefore, rapid SC detection is paramount for clinical practice and public safety. Currently, however, limited methods are available for the rapid detection of SC. A fluorescent indicator displacement assay sensor based on molecular recognition of an amide naphthotube was developed. This sensor enabled the rapid fluorescent detection of SC through competitive binding between SC and methylene blue with the amide naphthotube. The sensor exhibited exceptional sensitivity with a detection limit as low as 1.1 μmol/ L and a detection range of 1.1~60 μmol/L, coupled with outstanding selectivity and robust stability. Furthermore, this sensor accurately determined SC levels in biological samples such as serum. In summary, this research provides a new solution for the rapid and accurate sensing of SC in complex matrices and offers new insights for the swift identification and detection of toxins.

Key words: succinylcholine, molecular recognition, indicator displacement assay, fluorescent sensor

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Ye Yin, Hui Wang, Jianfang Wu, Lili Wang, Liupan Yang, Chengda Zhao, Huan Yao. Fluorescent Detection of Succinylcholine via an Amide Naphthotube-Based Indicator Displacement Assay[J]. Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2025, 45(8): 2953-2959.

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Fig. & Tab. 5

Figure 1. (a) Chemical structures of succinylcholine, anti-amide naphthotube (1a) and syn-amide naphthotube (1b), (b) energy-minimized structure of SC@1a at the PM06 level of theory, and (c) cartoon representation of IDA fluorescent sensor for SC sensing

Figure 2. (a) 1H NMR spectra (500 MHz, D2O, 25 ℃, 1.0 mmol/L) of SC (top), 1a (bottom), and their 1∶1 mixture (middle), (b) raw ITC data collected from titration of 1a with SC in water at 25 ℃, and (c) apparent reaction heat derived from the integration of calorimetric traces and analyzed using the “one set of binding sites” model

Figure 3. (a) UV-Vis absorption spectra of MB when titrated with host 1a in 10 mmol/L PBS buffer (pH 7.4) at 25 ℃ (inset: nonlinear curve fitting of the titration data according to a 1∶1 binding stoichiometry), and (b) fluorescence spectra of MB (5.0×10−6 mol/L) when titrated with 1a in 10 mmol/L PBS buffer (pH 7.4) at 25 ℃ (inset: nonlinear curve fitting of the titration data according to a 1∶1 binding stoichiometry)

Figure 4. (a) Fluorescence spectra (λex=678 nm) of MB@1a (5/55 μmol/L) when titrated with SC up to 60 μmol/L (inset: the calculated limit of detection and detection range), and (b) fluorescence spectra of MB@1a solution upon the addition of SC or possible interfering substance (4 mmol/L for Mg2+, Fe3+, K+, Na+, Ca2+, and SO 4 2 －, 0.3 mmol/L for SC, Trp, Cys, Glu, GSH, CA, Glc, CH, Ach, CR and UA, respectively)

Sample	Added/(μmol•L^－1)	Found^a/(μmol•L^－1)	RSD^b/^%	Recovery/%
Succinylcholine injection	5	4.84	6.4	96.8
	25	24.95	4.3	99.8
	50	47.39	3.0	94.8
Plasma	5	4.94	6.5	98.8
	25	26.31	3.9	105.2
	50	47.82	3.7	95.6

Table 1. Determination of SC in real samples

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基于酰胺萘管的指示剂置换法对琥珀酰胆碱的荧光检测

Fluorescent Detection of Succinylcholine via an Amide Naphthotube-Based Indicator Displacement Assay

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