Acta Chim. Sinica ›› 2018, Vol. 76 ›› Issue (4): 259-277.DOI: 10.6023/A17110517 Previous Articles     Next Articles

Review

锂离子电池三元正极材料电解液添加剂的研究进展

邓邦为a,b, 孙大明a,b, 万琦a, 王昊a,b, 陈滔a,b, 李璇a,b, 瞿美臻a, 彭工厂a   

  1. a 中国科学院成都有机化学研究所 成都 610041;
    b 中国科学院大学 北京 100049
  • 投稿日期:2017-11-29 发布日期:2018-03-22
  • 通讯作者: 万琦, 彭工厂 E-mail:qwan861016@126.com;gpc0102@163.com
  • 作者简介:邓邦为,在读博士研究生,主要从事锂离子电池电极材料、电解质及添加剂的制备与性能研究;万琦,主要研究方向为锂电池材料、储氢材料和碳材料.已发表SCI收录论文40余篇;彭工厂,主要从事锂离子电池材料、碳材料的制备与应用研究,先后主持或参与了"十一五"、"十二五"国家重大科学研究计划课题、国家"973"、"863"计划课题、中国科学院知识创新工程课题、四川省科技支撑计划项目及多项企业合作课题的研究
  • 基金资助:

    项目受国家自然科学基金(No.51474196)和四川省成都市产业集群协同创新项目(2017-XT00-00001-GX)资助.

Review of Electrolyte Additives for Ternary Cathode Lithium-ion Battery

Deng Bangweia,b, Sun Daminga,b, Wan Qia, Wang Haoa,b, Chen Taoa,b, Li Xuana,b, Qu Meizhena, Peng Gongchanga   

  1. a Chengdu Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu 610041;
    b University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
  • Received:2017-11-29 Published:2018-03-22
  • Contact: 10.6023/A17110517 E-mail:qwan861016@126.com;gpc0102@163.com
  • Supported by:

    Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51474196) and the Collaborative Innovation Project of Industrial Cluster of Chengdu, Sichuan (2017-XT00-00001-GX).

Ternary layered oxides {Li[NixCoyMz]O2 (0 < x, y, z < 1, M=Mn, NMC; M=Al, NCA)} are one of the most promising cathode materials of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, in the traditional electrolyte system, they will undergo dramatic structural changes and interface side reactions at high potential and high temperature, which will bring great challenges to their practical application, especially for their cycle life and safety. Developing appropriate electrolyte additive is one of the most economical and effective methods to improve the electrochemical performance of LIBs. Based on the intrinsic structure of material, electrolyte additives used for NMC and NCA ternary cathode and their reaction mechanism in the past 5 years are reviewed in this paper, which include vinylene carbonate (VC), fluoro-compounds, new lithium salts, P-based, B-based, S-based, nitrile, others and combinative additives. Among them, VC becomes a kind of universal additive, which can improve the efficiency and cycle life at low voltage and normal temperature. Fluoro-compounds have been developed from mono substituted such as Fluorinated ethylene carbonate (FEC) to multi-fluorine substituted, which can improve the stability of electrode/electrolyte interface under high voltage. New lithium salt additives are mainly used to improve the film forming performance under high voltage and high temperature, such as Lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI), Lithium difluorophosphate (LiDFP). P-contained additives[such as Tris(trimethylsilyl) phosphite (TMSPi)] are mainly to improve the stability of anode-electrolyte interface, and it has obvious synergistic effect when they combined with additives such as VC. B-contained additives are mainly used to improve the dissociation degree and stability of lithium salt, such as Tris(trimethylsilyl)borate (TMSB). S-contained additives are mainly used to improve the ionic conductivity and stability of anode SEI film, such as Prop-1-ene-1,3-sultone (PES). Nitriles are benefited from the strong electron withdrawing effect of -CN, which can improve the stability of the electrode/electrolyte interface at high voltage. Other types of additives are some heterocyclic compounds having film forming ability and various silanes which can eliminate HF and H2O. Combinative addi-tives are developed from VC based composite to PES and PBF (pyridine boron trifluoride) system, which can endure even harsher conditions.

Key words: lithium-ion battery, NMC and NCA ternary material, electrolyte additives, mechanism