化学学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 76 ›› Issue (7): 515-525.DOI: 10.6023/A18030125 上一篇    下一篇

综述

金属二氧化碳电池的研究进展

常世磊a,b, 梁风a,b,c, 姚耀春a,b, 马文会a,b,c, 杨斌a,b,c, 戴永年a,b,c   

  1. a 昆明理工大学 真空冶金国家工程实验室 昆明 650093;
    b 昆明理工大学 云南省有色金属真空冶金重点实验室 昆明 650093;
    c 昆明理工大学 省部共建复杂有色金属资源清洁利用国家重点实验室 昆明 650093
  • 发布日期:2018-05-30
  • 通讯作者: 梁风,E-mail:liangfeng@kmust.edu.cn;Tel.:0871-65107208 E-mail:liangfeng@kmust.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:常世磊,2017年毕业于昆明理工大学冶金工程专业,获工学学士学位.主要从事钠二氧化碳电池方面的研究;梁风,副教授、硕士生导师.主要从事高能量密度储能器件(金属空气电池、金属二氧化碳电池等),等离子体技术制备碳纳米材料(碳纳米角、石墨烯等)、及碳纳米材料在能源上的应用等方面的研究
  • 基金资助:

    项目受国家自然科学基金(Nos.51704136,11765010),云南省应用基础研究面上(No.2016FB087)和云南省院士自由探索基金(No.2017HA006)资助.

Research Progress of Metallic Carbon Dioxide Batteries

Chang Shileia,b, Liang Fenga,b,c, Yao Yaochuna,b, Ma Wenhuia,b,c, Yang Bina,b,c, Dai Yongniana,b,c   

  1. a Vacuum Metallurgical National Engineering Laboratory, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093;
    b Yunnan Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metals Vacuum Metallurgy, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093;
    c State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clear Utilization in Yunnan Province, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093
  • Published:2018-05-30
  • Contact: 10.6023/A18030125 E-mail:liangfeng@kmust.edu.cn
  • Supported by:

    Project supported by the the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51704136, 11765010), the Yunnan applied basic research project of China (No. 2016FB087) and the Yunnan Academy of Liberal Exploration Funds of China (No. 2017HA006).

化石燃料的大量使用造成二氧化碳排放与日俱增和气候严重恶化,为了解决这一问题,科学家们通过各种物理和化学方法来降低大气中二氧化碳的含量,但是效果并不是很明显.金属二氧化碳电池既能够捕捉二氧化碳,还可以作为清洁的储能装置,同时对金属二氧化碳电池的开发与研究也推动着电动汽车产业向更加经济、环保、可持续的方向发展.基于上述优点,金属二氧化碳电池近几年迅速发展.主要介绍了锂、钠、铝、镁二氧化碳电池的研究进展,并对锂、钠二氧化碳/氧气电池的电化学性能进行对比,提出了目前金属二氧化碳电池所面临的问题,并给出了解决方案.最后,评述了金属二氧化碳电池未来的发展方向.

关键词: 金属二氧化碳电池, 电化学性能, 碳转化, 储能, 阴极材料

Due to the heavy use of fossil fuels, the emission of carbon dioxide has been steadily increased and the climate has been deteriorated severely. In order to solve these problems, various physical and chemical methods were used to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, but the result is not so effective. Metal carbon dioxide batteries not only can capture carbon dioxide, but also can be used as clean energy storage devices. At the same time, the development and research of metal carbon dioxide batteries also promote the development of the electric vehicle industry towards a more economical, environmentally friendly and sustainable direction. Based on these advantages, metal carbon dioxide battery has developed rapidly in recent years. Li-CO2 batteries exhibit an extremely high discharge capacity of 17625 mAh/g and a cut-off capacity of 1000 mAh/g at a current density of 100 mA/g, running for 100 cycles at low overpotentials. Quasi-solid state Na-CO2 batteries are non-flammable and have strong electrolyte-locking ability. It can run 400 cycles at 500 mA/g with a fixed capacity of 1000 mAh/g in pure CO2. Its electrochemical performance has the potential to be further improved. Al-CO2 battery has good application prospects and economic benefits due to the low cost of Al as well as great economic value of the sodium aluminate as discharge product. Mg-CO2 battery shows a discharge voltage plateau of 0.9 V when the volume ratio of CO2/O2 is 1:1, which is higher than that of pure O2. This paper mainly introduces the research progress of metal (lithium, sodium, aluminum, and magnesium) carbon dioxide battery, and compares the electrochemical performance of metal (lithium, sodium) carbon dioxide battery with metal (lithium, sodium) oxygen battery, puts forward the current problems of metal carbon dioxide batteries, and provides the solutions. Finally, the future development of metal carbon dioxide batteries is reviewed.

Key words: metal carbon dioxide battery, electrochemical performance, carbon conversion, energy storage, cathode material