甘露糖修饰的微马达的制备及其免疫功能初探★

doi:10.6023/A23040151

化学学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 81 ›› Issue (7): 741-748.DOI: 10.6023/A23040151 上一篇下一篇

所属专题：庆祝《化学学报》创刊90周年合辑

研究论文

甘露糖修饰的微马达的制备及其免疫功能初探^★

杜思南^a, 赵丽曼^a^,^*(), 张泽新^b, 陈国颂^a^,^*()

a 复旦大学高分子科学系聚合物分子工程国家重点实验室上海 200433
b 苏州大学材料与化学化工学部软凝聚态物理及交叉研究中心苏州 215123

投稿日期:2023-04-20 发布日期:2023-06-16
作者简介:
^★庆祝《化学学报》创刊90周年.
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFB3804401); 国家自然科学基金(52125303); 国家自然科学基金(51721002); 国家自然科学基金(91956127); 上海市教委科研创新计划项目(2023ZKZD02)

Preparation and Preliminary Study on Immune Function of Mannose-modified Micromotor^★

Sinan Du^a, Liman Zhao^a(), Zexin Zhang^b, Guosong Chen^a()

a The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science of Fudan University, Shanghai 200433
b College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science and Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123

Received:2023-04-20 Published:2023-06-16
Contact: *E-mail: lmzhao@fudan.edu.cn; guosong@fudan.edu.cn
About author:
^★Dedicated to the 90th anniversary of Acta Chimica Sinica.
Supported by:
National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB3804401); National Natural Science Foundation of China(52125303); National Natural Science Foundation of China(51721002); National Natural Science Foundation of China(91956127); Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(2023ZKZD02)

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1. Supporting Information-A23040129.pdf(480KB)

摘要/Abstract

为了开发集自驱动运动与免疫功能于一体的新型糖杂化材料, 本工作设计并制备了一种甘露糖修饰的哑铃形微马达(Zinc oxide/Polydopamine/Mannose微马达, 简称ZnO/PDA/Man微马达), 其不对称的哑铃结构会引起不均匀的离子分布, 从而促使马达运动. 该马达能量来源无生物毒性, 能够在可见光的照射下, 以纯水为燃料, 实现离子型自扩散泳运动. 通过调节可见光的强度和辐照方向, 可实现马达运动速度和方向的精准调控. ZnO/PDA/Man微马达具有良好的生物相容性, 且表面修饰生物活性的甘露糖苷可作为免疫激活剂使巨噬细胞极化. 相比于传统免疫激活剂, ZnO/PDA/Man微马达有望在可见光照射下, 实现肿瘤组织中的自由运动和深度渗透, 在肿瘤免疫治疗领域具有潜在的应用价值.

关键词: 甘露糖, 微马达, 可见光, 巨噬细胞, 肿瘤免疫

In order to develop a novel sugar hybrid material with self-actuated micromotor and immune function, we designed and prepared a dumbbell micromotor modified with mannose (Zinc oxide/Polydopamine/Mannose micromotor, ZnO/PDA/Man micromotor for short), which combines the kinetic properties of ZnO active colloid and visible light absorption properties of PDA materials. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy results showed that the introduction of PDA and Man does not change the crystal shape of ZnO, which ensures that the photocatalytic activity of ZnO is unaffected in ZnO/PDA/Man. The dumbbell structure of the micromotor can cause an uneven distribution of ions, the ion gradient will drive micromotor to move. The micromotor energy source is non-toxic and can move itself in solution with pure water as fuel under visible light. The simulation verified that the motion mechanism of dumbbell micromotor is ionic self-diffusiophoresis, which keeps the head in front and pulls the colloid to move. The motion behavior of the micromotor under different intensities of visible light was observed and recorded by the microscope. It was found that the micromotor changed from translational motion to circular motion with the enhancement of light intensity, and the micromotor's motion speed also increased gradually. Meanwhile, by adjusting the direction of incident light, the motion direction of ZnO/PDA/Man micromotor can be accurately adjusted to make it move according to the predetermined route. In order to preliminarily explore whether the mannose-modified micromotor can regulate the phenotype of macrophages, the ZnO/PDA/Man micromotor was incubated with macrophages, and the morphological changes of macrophages were observed with a microscope. The results showed that the micromotor could be used as an immune activator to polarize macrophages. What'more, cytotoxicity experiment indicated that ZnO/PDA/Man micromotor has good biocompatibility. Compared with traditional immune activators, ZnO/PDA/Man micromotor is expected to realize free movement in tumor tissues under visible light irradiation, so as to promote their deep penetration into tumor tissues, which has potential application in the field of tumor immunotherapy.

Key words: mannose, micromotor, visible light, macrophage, tumor immunity

引用此文

杜思南, 赵丽曼, 张泽新, 陈国颂. 甘露糖修饰的微马达的制备及其免疫功能初探^★[J]. 化学学报, 2023, 81(7): 741-748.

Sinan Du, Liman Zhao, Zexin Zhang, Guosong Chen. Preparation and Preliminary Study on Immune Function of Mannose-modified Micromotor^★[J]. Acta Chimica Sinica, 2023, 81(7): 741-748.

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图/表 6

图1. ZnO/PDA/Man微马达的制备路线

Figure 1. Preparation route of ZnO/PDA/Man micromotor

图2. ZnO基微马达的(a~c) SEM图和(d~f) TEM图

Figure 2. (a~c) SEM and (d~f) TEM images of ZnO based micromotors

图3. ZnO基微马达的(a) TGA曲线, (b) XRD谱图及其(c)拉曼谱图

Figure 3. (a) TGA curves, (b) XRD patterns and (c) Raman spectra of ZnO based micromotors

图4. ZnO/PDA/Man微马达在(a) 2.4 mW/cm2和(b) 12.9 mW/cm2的可见光照射下运动的叠加延时快照及相应轨迹; ZnO/PDA/Man微马达的(c)运动机理示意图, (d)周围电场分布和电势模拟图, (e)周围速度场分布模拟图

Figure 4. Superimposed time-delay snapshot and tracks of ZnO/PDA/Man micromotors moving under visible light irradiation of (a) 2.4 mW/cm2 and (b) 12.9 mW/cm2; (c) motion mechanism, (d) surrounding electric field distribution and potential simulation diagram, (e) surrounding velocity field distribution simulation diagram of ZnO/PDA/Man micromotors

图5. ZnO/PDA/Man微马达在(a) 2.4 mW/cm2, (b) 5.9 mW/cm2, (c) 12.9 mW/cm2可见光照射下, 在纯水中运动10 s的轨迹; (d) 25.2 mW/cm2可见光照射下, 纯水中运动5 min的轨迹; (e)微马达的平均速度随光强变化的曲线; (f)光场精确调控微马达运动方向的轨迹图(紫色箭头为入射光方向). 比例尺: 10 μm

Figure 5. Trajectories of ZnO/PDA/Man micromotors moving in pure water for 10 s under visible light irradiation of (a) 2.4 mW/cm2, (b) 5.9 mW/cm2, and (c) 12.9 mW/cm2; (d) the trajectory of movement in pure water for 5 min under visible light irradiation of 25.2 mW/cm2; (e) average velocity curve of micromotor with light intensity; (f) trajectory diagram of micromotor movement direction precisely controlled by light field (Purple arrow indicates the direction of incident light). Scale bar: 10 μm

图6. (a) ZnO基微马达的细胞毒性评估和(b) ZnO基微马达与巨噬细胞共孵24 h的显微镜图片. 比例尺: 10 μm

Figure 6. (a) Cytotoxicity assessment of ZnO-based micromotors and (b) microscopic images of micromotors after incubation with macrophages for 24 h. Scale bar: 10 μm

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甘露糖修饰的微马达的制备及其免疫功能初探^★

Preparation and Preliminary Study on Immune Function of Mannose-modified Micromotor^★

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甘露糖修饰的微马达的制备及其免疫功能初探★

Preparation and Preliminary Study on Immune Function of Mannose-modified Micromotor★

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甘露糖修饰的微马达的制备及其免疫功能初探^★

Preparation and Preliminary Study on Immune Function of Mannose-modified Micromotor^★