单质硫(S8)参与的光化学反应研究进展

doi:10.6023/cjoc202512003

摘要/Abstract

单质硫(S₈)作为大宗工业副产物, 其高值化利用具有重要意义. 基于此, 总结了单质硫(S₈)参与的光化学反应, 依据其在反应体系中的角色分为三方面内容展开: (1)单质硫(S₈)作为光催化剂, 阐述了其在光催化有机污染物降解中的应用; (2)单质硫(S₈)作为反应底物, 探讨了光反应条件下单质硫(S₈)参与的多种有机反应, 实现从简单原料到含硫化合物(如硫酯和硫代酰胺)的构建; (3)单质硫(S₈)作为聚合单体, 介绍了光促进室温逆硫化技术, 该技术不仅实现温和条件下富硫聚合物的制备, 还拓宽了交联剂的范围.

关键词: 单质硫(S₈), 光化学, 光催化剂, 碳-硫键形成, 逆硫化

As elemental sulfur (S₈) is a large-scale industrial byproduct, its conversion into value-added sulfur-containing compounds is of significant importance. Recent advances in photochemical reactions involving S₈ are summarized, categorized by its distinct roles: (1) as a photocatalyst for degrading organic pollutants; (2) as a substrate in light-driven synthesis of sulfur-containing compounds (e.g., thioesters/thioamides) from simple precursors; and (3) as a monomer in photoinduced room-temperature inverse vulcanization, enabling the preparation of sulfur-rich polymers under mild conditions with expanded crosslinker scope.

Key words: elemental sulfur (S₈), photochemistry, photocatalyst, C—S bond formation, inverse vulcanization

引用此文

苏雯鑫, 崔浩, 张霄. 单质硫(S₈)参与的光化学反应研究进展[J]. 有机化学, 2026, 46(4): 1360-1375.

Wenxin Su, Hao Cui, Xiao Zhang. Recent Advances in Photochemical Reactions Involving Elemental Sulfur (S₈)[J]. Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2026, 46(4): 1360-1375.

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图/表 18

图1. α-S8与TiO2的能带位置

Figure 1. Band structure diagrams of α-S8 and TiO2

图式1. α-S8光催化降解罗丹明B

Scheme 1. α-S8 for photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B

图式2. 可见光诱导单质硫(S8)参与的四组分反应合成硫氰酸酯

Scheme 2. Visible-light-induced, elemental sulfur (S8)-participated four-component reaction for the synthesis of thiocyanates

图式3. 可见光驱动单质硫(S8)参与多组分反应合成烷基硫代磷酸酯

Scheme 3. Visible-light-driven, elemental sulfur (S8)-participated multicomponent reaction for the synthesis of alkyl thiophosphates

图式4. 可见光诱导单质硫(S8)参与的三组分反应合成2-氨基萘并噻唑

Scheme 4. Visible-light-induced, elemental sulfur (S8)-participated three-component reaction for the synthesis of 2-aminonaphthothia- zoles

图式5. 可见光诱导级联反应合成3-硫取代色酮

Scheme 5. Visible-light-induced cascade for the synthesis of 3-substituted thiochromones

图式6. K-PHI/S8协同光催化氧化转化

Scheme 6. Photocatalytic oxidative transformations by K-PHI/S8 system

图式7. 氮化碳光催化Kindler反应制备硫代酰胺

Scheme 7. Carbon nitride-photocatalyzed synthesis of thioamides via the Kindler reaction

图式8. GO—N=Fe光催化硫代酰胺合成

Scheme 8. Synthesis of thioamides by GO—N=Fe photocatalyst

图式9. 可见光介导的三组分脱硝基交叉偶联反应合成硫代磷酸酯

Scheme 9. Visible-light-mediated three-component denitrative cross-coupling reaction for the synthesis of thiophosphates

图式10. K-PHI/S8光催化甲苯衍生物苄位C—H键直接二硫化

Scheme 10. Photocatalytic benzylic C—H disulfidation of toluene derivatives by K-PHI/S8 system

图式11. 吖啶光催化直接脱羧构建硫醇

Scheme 11. Acridine-photocatalyzed decarboxylative synthesis of thiols

图式12. 光驱动单质硫(S8)参与的化学选择性三组分硫酯化反应

Scheme 12. Photoinduced elemental sulfur (S8)-participated three-component thioesterification reaction

图式13. 光催化氢原子转移策略促进的醛、烯/炔烃与单质硫(S8)偶联反应合成硫酯

Scheme 13. Photocatalyzed hydrogen atom transfer strategy for the synthesis of thioesters from aldehydes, alkenes or alkynes and elemental sulfur (S8)

图式14. 光催化氢原子转移驱动的伯醇、单质硫(S8)与烯烃自由基级联反应直接合成硫酯

Scheme 14. Photocatalyzed hydrogen atom transfer strategy for the synthesis of thioesters from primary alcohols, elemental sulfur (S8), and alkenes

图式15. 光诱导逆硫化反应与交联剂/单体范围

Scheme 15. Photoinduced inverse vulcanization and the range of crosslinkers/co-monomers

图式16. 光交联含硫聚合物的合成

Scheme 16. Synthesis of photo-crosslinkable sulfur-containing polymer

图2. 不同反应条件下逆硫化聚合的交联剂的代表性范围

Figure 2. Representative scope of crosslinking agents in inverse vulcanization polymerization under varied reaction conditions

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单质硫(S₈)参与的光化学反应研究进展

Recent Advances in Photochemical Reactions Involving Elemental Sulfur (S₈)

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