淀粉及其衍生物负载金属催化剂在有机反应中的应用研究进展

doi:10.6023/cjoc202601031

摘要/Abstract

淀粉作为储量丰富、可再生、可生物降解的天然多糖, 因其独特的螺旋结构、丰富的羟基官能团以及易于化学修饰的特性, 在构建绿色非均相金属催化剂方面展现出巨大潜力. 本文综述了2005~2025年间淀粉及其衍生物负载金属催化剂在有机反应中的应用进展. 依据淀粉载体的连接官能团或功能化方式, 将其归纳为羟基直接配位型、氨基/席夫碱功能化型、离子液体功能化型、磁性复合功能化型、天然小分子修饰型和有机-无机杂化型六大类, 并评述了其制备策略、金属固定方式、催化性能及循环稳定性. 淀粉负载金属催化剂已成功应用于C—C偶联反应、点击化学反应、多组分反应、氧化还原反应以及生物质转化等重要有机反应中, 表现出较高的催化活性、良好的底物适用范围和循环性能. 最后, 对该领域面临的挑战和发展方向进行了展望.

关键词: 淀粉负载金属催化剂, 有机反应, 非均相催化, 绿色化学

Starch, an abundant, renewable, and biodegradable natural polysaccharide, has shown great potential in constructing green heterogeneous metal catalysts due to its unique helical structure, abundant hydroxyl functional groups, and facile chemical modification. This review summarizes the research progress on starch and its derivatives supported metal catalysts in organic reactions from 2005 to 2025. According to the anchoring functional groups or functionalization modes of the starch supports, these catalytic systems are classified into six categories: direct hydroxyl-coordination, amino/Schiff base functionalized, ionic liquid functionalized, magnetic composite functionalized, natural small-molecule modified, and organic-inorganic hybrid systems. Their preparation strategies, metal immobilization modes, catalytic performance, and recycling stability are discussed. Starch-supported metal catalysts have been successfully applied to important organic transformations including C—C coupling reactions, click reactions, multicomponent reactions, oxidation and reduction reactions, and biomass conversion. These catalysts exhibit high catalytic activity, broad substrate scope, and good recyclability. Finally, the current challenges and future development prospects of starch-supported metal catalyst systems are discussed.

Key words: starch-supported metal catalysts, organic reactions, heterogeneous catalysis, green chemistry

引用此文

莫百川, 李婷婷, 王芳, 巴达日夫. 淀粉及其衍生物负载金属催化剂在有机反应中的应用研究进展[J]. 有机化学, doi: 10.6023/cjoc202601031.

Mo Baichuan, Li Tingting, Wang Fang, Ba Darifu. Research Progress of Starch and Its Derivatives Supported Metal Catalysts in Organic Reactions[J]. Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry, doi: 10.6023/cjoc202601031.

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